Survey on the techniques of speed measurement
|
|
- Alan Knight
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Survey on the techniques of speed measurement by Muhammad Azri bin Musman(CD150009) Muhammad Fadhilrulrahman bin Abd Razak (CD150175) Aiman Nur Hakim bin Ahmad Rizal ( AD150186) Farah Nur Athirah bt Janudin (AD150204) Nurul Amalia Nabila bt Abdullah (CD150190) A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the course of Control Engineering (BDA30703) Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Semester 1, 2017/18 Assessment for the assignment (Rank: 1(very poor) to 5(excellence)) Sections Weight Rank Marks = weight x rank Remarks Introduction 5 Techniques 5 Discussion 5 Conclusion 3 Reference 2 Total 20 /100
2 1.0 INTRODUCTION A physical quantity such as time, energy, mass, speed, volume, area, length and others should be measureable. All these physical quantity is measured using its own measurement device. Every measurement device has its own working principle. The measurement process requires invariably a detector that responds to be measured quantity by producing a measurable change in some property of the detector. In this paper, we focused our research on the speed measurement devices. There are number of speed measurement devices and working principles. Some of the speed measurement devices are tachometer, airspeed indicator, speedometer and tachymeter. This device is important in engineering for some reasons. Firstly, the right measurement is used to generate data for design. Any designs that created by engineers should be compatible with the right measurement. Or else, the designs would be invalid and will not be a success. Secondly, measurement is important because it is used to generate data to validate or propose a theory. A theory that is proposed needs to be validated using the right measurement. If the measurement of the physical quantity cannot be done, the theory cannot be approved. Hence, this paper is done to differentiate the working principle of the speed measurement devices and also to describe the techniques to use the devices in the real world applications. 1
3 2.0 DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES USED IN SPEED MEASUREMENT a) Tachometer Figure 1 : Measuring Speed by Using Tachometer Figure 2 : Car Speed by Using Tachometer Figure 1 show a man used tachometer for measuring the rotation speed of fan. It can measuring instrument for use in maintenance, and production. In Figure 2, a tachometer (revolution-counter, tach, rev-counter, RPM gauge) is an instrument measuring the rotation speed of a shaft or disk, as in a motor or other machine. The device usually displays the revolutions per minute (RPM) on a calibrated analogue dial, but digital displays are increasingly common. Tachometer is an instrument used for measuring the rotation or revolution speed of objects, such as an engine or a shaft. In machinery and devices, the speed of rotting shafts or motors needs to be measured. For example, car drivers must know the exact rotation speed of the shaft in order to select the suitable gear and throttle settings for particular driving conditions. If using a car at unsuitable gear or prolonged use at high speeds, there will be an insufficient lubrication, which impacts the engine. The working principle of an electronic tachometer is quite simple. The ignition system triggers a voltage pulse at the output of the tachometer electromechanical part whenever the sparks plug fires. The electromechanical part responds to the average voltage of the series of pulses. It shows that the average voltage of the pulse train is proportional to engine speed. The signal from the perception head is transmitted by standard twin screened cable to the indicator. The tachometers are temperature compensated to be able to handle operations over an ambient temperature range of 20 to +70 C (-4 to +158 F). 2
4 The tachometer measures revolutions per minute (RPMs) of engines and is widely used in automobiles, airplanes, marine engineering field, laser instruments, to estimate traffic speed and volume, and medical applications. b) Optical type Photoelectric (optical type) sensors usually sense a reflective target on the rotating shaft. Here rotation is transmitted to the measuring instrument via an infrared (IR) light beam/laser beam coming from the instrument, which is then reflected by a reflective tape on the object. As explained, traditional tachometers require physical contact between the instruments and the objects being monitored. Laser tachometer is a powerful choice where this type of direct-contact type measurement is not workable for technical or safety reasons. Laser tachometers work by pulsing a laser beam against the rotating element. The rotating element will have one reflective spot, and the tachometer measures the rate at which the light beam is reflected back. Figure 3: Block diagrams of the KMI 15/x and KMI 16/x rotational speed sensors with integrated signal conditioning circuit, from Philips Semiconductors 3
5 In Figure 3 show the KMI 16/x sensor modules provide an open collector output, while KMI 15/x sensor modules have a current interface that requires only two wires to connect them in the application. Photoelectric sensors are readily present in everyday life. It help safely control the opening and closing of garage doors, turn on sink faucets with the wave of a hand, control elevators, open the doors at the grocery store, detect the winning car at racing events, and so much more c) Magnetic type Magnetic rotational speed sensors use various magnetic proximity measuring principles to monitor the speeds of machine components in a range between 0 and 30,000 rpm. Rotational speed measurement using a magneto resistive (MR) sensor is achieved by counting ferromagnetic marks, such as teeth of a passive gear wheel or the number of magnetic elements of a magnetize ring. Magneto resistive sensors make use of the magneto resistive effect the property of a current-carrying magnetic material to change its resistivity in the presence of an external magnetic field. Although inductive sensors can be used for this task, magneto resistive sensors have an advantage that the output signal level does not vary with rotation speed, as in the case of inductive sensors. MR sensors are static and the output signal is generated by the bending of magnetic field lines according to the position of the target wheel. As bending of the magnetic field lines also occurs when the target is not moving, these sensors can measure very slow rotations, even down to zero hertz (0 Hz). However, note that MR sensors cannot directly measure rotational speed, but are sensitive to the motion of a toothed wheel made from ferrous material (passive target, a sensor fitted with a permanent magnet) or a rotating wheel having alternating magnetic poles (active target) 4
6 Figure 4: AM4096 magnetic encoder chip from Renishaw In Figure 4, it show magnetic encoder chip provide linear and rotary magnetic encoding and signal conditioning. Differential sensing reduces displacements and magnetic field errors. All of the sensor and processing electronics have been placed within the compact silicon design. The rotation of a simple north/south magnet is picked up by the AM4096 s sensor and provides absolute positional information output to an accuracy of better than 0.1 degree. Rotational speed measurement is an important operation for applications in industry, automation, industrial trucks, mobile working machines, large diesel engines, hydro motors, electric motors, gears, rail vehicles, dumper trucks, linear and angular encoders, position measurement systems, robotics motion and vehicle control. Especially in electrical drive systems, rotational speed sensors are essential for a proper functionality of the whole machine. 5
7 3.0 DISCUSSION a) Tachometer The advantages of the technique with respect to performances and costs are the meter is the direction of rotation is indicated by the polarity of the output voltage. It is because in the operation of the tachometer is the polarity of output voltage indicates the direction of rotation. The output voltage is measured with the help of moving coil voltmeter calibrated in terms of speed. A linear relationship can be derived between output voltage and speed by carrier frequency excitation. In respects to costs, it is rugged and inexpensive. Moreover, it need less maintenance and ripple free output. The disadvantages of the technique with respect to performances are the calibration is difficult as the input voltage should be maintained absolutely constant. Besides, at high speed there is a non-linear relationship between output voltage and input speed. Hence we need the reference winding with higher frequency. b) Optical Type The advantages of the technique with respect to performances and costs are the variable reluctance sensors are passive sensors as they does not require external power supply. In respect to costs, the wire and magnets used are pretty inexpensive, so the optical type does not have high cost. Besides they are light weight, robust and can withstand in high temperature and high vibration environment. The disadvantages of the technique with respect to performances are the target materials must be ferrous only. Besides, when the magnitude of the induced voltage in these sensors is proportional to target speed, it becomes difficult to design circuitry appropriate for very low speed signals. Thus Variable Reluctance sensors have a definite lower limit on the speed of the target. Moreover, even the sensors are cheap, the cost advantage is offset by the additional electronic circuitry required to process the low amplitude induced voltages. 6
8 c) Magnetic Type The advantages of the technique in particular in respect to performances and costs are it is quick and relatively uncomplicated and gives immediate indications of defects. Other than that, It shows surface and near surface defects, and these are the most serious ones as they concentrate stresses. The method can be adapted for site or workshop use but it is inexpensive compared to radiography. While, large or small objects can be examined and elaborate pre- cleaning is not necessary. The disadvantages for this type are restricted to ferromagnetic materials - usually iron and steel, and cannot be used on austenitic stainless steel. It is messy and most methods need a supply of electricity. Sometimes unclear whether the magnetic field is sufficiently strong to give good indications and the method cannot be used if a thick paint coating is present. Next, spurious, or non-relevant indications are probable, and thus interpretation is a skilled task. Some of the paints and particle suspension fluids can give a fume or fire problem, particularly in a confined space. 7
9 4.0 CONCLUSION Basically, we know that there are many types of speed measurement such as Tachometer, Optical Type and Magnetic Type. For Tachometer, it requires a permanently mounted speed sensors that observe a target on the machines rotating shaft. As we know that, a tachometer is a sensor device for measuring the rotation speed of an object such as the engine shaft in a car. This device indicates the revolutions per minute (RPM) performed by the object. The device comprises of a dial, a needle to indicate the current reading, and markings to indicate safe and dangerous levels. Applications of this device rarely in automobiles, airplanes, trucks, tractors, trains and light rail vehicles, numerous types of machinery and prime movers and to estimate traffic speed and volume. Several types of sensors are available including Proximity such as Optical Type and Magnetic type. Permanently mounted systems usually use a Proximity or Hall Effect type sensor. Laser and Optical Sensors are more suited for portable equipment and special applications. Optical Sensors work well with Reflective Tape as a target on the shaft but are not recommended for permanent installation as the sensor may become dirty over time or the tape may come loose. 8
10 5.0 REFERENCES S.P. Venkateshan.(2008). Mechanical Measurement. Ane Books India : Taylor& Francis Group. Shen, C. (2011). Tachometer/Speed Switch Building Block Applications. Hong Kong : Shimmer Books. 43(1), Lui, C.& Qui J.(2007). Rotational Speed Direction Based on the Output Duty Cycle of a Differential Hall Effect Gear Tooth Sensor. The International Journal, 10(5), E. (2017, March 21). Speed Sensor. Retrieved September 26, 2017, from Md Abu Jauad Khan Aliv, Researcher and Freelance IT Consultant Follow. (2014, February 10). Tachometer. Retrieved September 26, 2017, from 9
MECHATRONICS LAB MANUAL
MECHATRONICS LAB MANUAL T.E.(Mechanical) Sem-VI Department of Mechanical Engineering SIESGST, Nerul, Navi Mumbai LIST OF EXPERIMENTS Expt. No. Title Page No. 1. Study of basic principles of sensing and
More informationEXPERIMENT 5 (a) PRESSURE, PROXIMITY AND MAGNETIC FIELD SENSORS
EXPERIMENT 5 (a) PRESSURE, PROXIMITY AND MAGNETIC FIELD SENSORS 1. OBJECTIVES: 1.1 To study the characteristics of a semiconductor type pressure sensor and an electronic pressure switch circuit 1.2 To
More informationSpeed Sensors Line Guide
Speed Sensors Line Guide Speed and reliability. Honeywell S&C offers electronic speed and position sensors designed for enhanced reliability and an extended life. Honeywell uses multiple technologies to
More informationUNIT-5 MEASUREMENT OF SPEDD, ACCLERATION AND VIBRATION
UNIT-5 MEASUREMENT OF SPEDD, ACCLERATION AND VIBRATION Introduction: Speed is a rate variable defined as the time-rate of motion. Common forms and units of speed measurement include: linear speed expressed
More informationCh 4 Motor Control Devices
Ch 4 Motor Control Devices Part 1 Manually Operated Switches 1. List three examples of primary motor control devices. (P 66) Answer: Motor contactor, starter, and controller or anything that control the
More informationEMaSM. Principles Of Sensors & transducers
EMaSM Principles Of Sensors & transducers Introduction: At the heart of measurement of common physical parameters such as force and pressure are sensors and transducers. These devices respond to the parameters
More informationMore Precision. mainsensor Magneto-inductive displacement sensor
More Precision mainsensor Magneto-inductive displacement sensor mainsensor Magneto-inductive sensors for non-contact linear displacement measurement Measuring principle mainsensor is based on an innovative
More informationINTRODUCTION TO SENSORS, TRANSDUCERS & ACTUATORS
INTRODUCTION Transducers play a major role in mechatronics engineering & technology. These are the basic elements that convert or transform one form of energy to another form. Let us change the word energy
More informationStep Motor. Mechatronics Device Report Yisheng Zhang 04/02/03. What Is A Step Motor?
Step Motor What is a Step Motor? How Do They Work? Basic Types: Variable Reluctance, Permanent Magnet, Hybrid Where Are They Used? How Are They Controlled? How To Select A Step Motor and Driver Types of
More informationMeasurement Types in Machinery Monitoring
Machinery Health Sensors Measurement Types in Machinery Monitoring Online machinery monitoring for rotating equipment is typically divided into two categories: 1. Protection Monitoring 2. Prediction Monitoring
More informationEXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF INDUCED VOLTAGE SELF- EXCITATION OF A SWITCHED RELUCTANCE GENERATOR
EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF INDUCED VOLTAGE SELF- EXCITATION OF A SWITCHED RELUCTANCE GENERATOR Velimir Nedic Thomas A. Lipo Wisconsin Power Electronic Research Center University of Wisconsin Madison
More informationMOTOR TERMINAL CONNECTIONS
MOTOR TERMINAL CONNECTIONS Motor Classification Most of the industrial machines in use today are driven by electric motors Motors are classified according to the type of power used (AC or DC) and the motors
More informationBELT-DRIVEN ALTERNATORS
CHAPTER 13 BELT-DRIVEN ALTERNATORS INTRODUCTION A generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using the principle of magnetic induction. This principle is based on the
More informationTo study the constructional features of ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter and energymeter.
Experiment o. 1 AME OF THE EXPERIMET To study the constructional features of ammeter, voltmeter, wattmeter and energymeter. OBJECTIVE 1. To be conversant with the constructional detail and working of common
More informationLecture 3.3. Velocity, motion, force and pressure sensors
1. Tachogenerator Lecture 3.3 Velocity, motion, force and pressure sensors Figure 2.4.1 Principle of working of Techogenerator[1] Tachogenerator works on the principle of variable reluctance. It consists
More informationIT 318 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL CHAPTER 4
IT 318 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL CHAPTER 4 Electric Motors V. 2013 BARRY M. LUNT Brigham Young University Table of Contents Chapter 4: Electric Motors... 2 Overview... 2 4-1 Commutation... 2 4-2 Stepper Motors...
More informationINSTRUCTION MANUAL 272-5X5 ANALOG TRANSMITTER (210 SERIES FLOW METERS) 272-5X7 ANALOG TRANSMITTER (220/240 SERIES FLOW METERS)
INSTRUCTION MANUAL 272-5X5 ANALOG TRANSMITTER (210 SERIES FLOW METERS) 272-5X7 ANALOG TRANSMITTER (220/240 SERIES FLOW METERS) 272-5X8 BIDIRECTIONAL TRANSMITTER (210/240 SERIES FLOW METERS) TABLE OF CONTENTS
More informationGeneral Purpose Permanent Magnet Motor Drive without Speed and Position Sensor
General Purpose Permanent Magnet Motor Drive without Speed and Position Sensor Jun Kang, PhD Yaskawa Electric America, Inc. 1. Power consumption by electric motors Fig.1 Yaskawa V1000 Drive and a PM motor
More informationAnalysis of Spur Gear Box Using Software tool Ansys
Analysis of Spur Gear Box Using Software tool Ansys K.G.Patel D.N.Patel College of Engineering, Shahada (Maharashtra) S.U.Patil D.N.Patel College of Engineering, Shahada (Maharashtra) H.G.Patil D.N.Patel
More informationPiktronik d. o. o. Cesta k Tamu 17 SI 2000 Maribor, Slovenia Fax:
PIK tr nik Phone: +386-2-460-2250 Piktronik d. o. o. Cesta k Tamu 17 SI 2000 Maribor, Slovenia Fax: +386-2-460-2255 e-mail: info@piktronik.com www.piktronik.com Sensorless AC motor control for traction
More informationELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY 3 March 2008
I. Course Description ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY 3 March 2008 The purpose for this course is to instruct potential electricians in the skills necessary for entry into the job market. During this course, the
More informationMANTECH ELECTRONICS. Stepper Motors. Basics on Stepper Motors I. STEPPER MOTOR SYSTEMS OVERVIEW 2. STEPPING MOTORS
MANTECH ELECTRONICS Stepper Motors Basics on Stepper Motors I. STEPPER MOTOR SYSTEMS OVERVIEW 2. STEPPING MOTORS TYPES OF STEPPING MOTORS 1. VARIABLE RELUCTANCE 2. PERMANENT MAGNET 3. HYBRID MOTOR WINDINGS
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ELECTRICAL MOTOR This thesis address the performance analysis of brushless dc (BLDC) motor having new winding method in the stator for reliability requirement of electromechanical
More informationLIMITED ANGLE TORQUE MOTORS
LIMITED ANGLE TORQUE MOTORS Limited Angle Torque Motors H2W Technologies Limited Angle Torque Motors are ideal for compact, limited angular excursion (
More informationNote 8. Electric Actuators
Note 8 Electric Actuators Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada 1 1. Introduction In a typical closed-loop, or feedback, control
More informationDriving Characteristics of Cylindrical Linear Synchronous Motor. Motor. 1. Introduction. 2. Configuration of Cylindrical Linear Synchronous 1 / 5
1 / 5 SANYO DENKI TECHNICAL REPORT No.8 November-1999 General Theses Driving Characteristics of Cylindrical Linear Synchronous Motor Kazuhiro Makiuchi Satoshi Sugita Kenichi Fujisawa Yoshitomo Murayama
More informationThe Latest Sensor Trends
Sensing & Feedback Technologies The Latest Sensor Trends Agenda Miniature sensors open up new applications Alternatives to Fiber optics Pneumatic cylinder sensing: Dual systems, analog and lifetime warranties
More information1.1 Block Diagram of Drive Components of Electric Drive & their functions. Power Processor / Modulator. Control. Unit
Introduction Motion control is required in large number of industrial and domestic applications like transportations, rolling mills, textile machines, fans, paper machines, pumps, washing machines, robots
More informationHEIDENHAIN Measuring Technology for the Elevators of the Future TECHNOLOGY REPORT. Traveling Vertically and Horizontally Without a Cable
HEIDENHAIN Measuring Technology for the Elevators of the Future Traveling Vertically and Horizontally Without a Cable HEIDENHAIN Measuring Technology for the Elevators of the Future Traveling Vertically
More informationThrowback Thursday :: Bently Nevada Dual Probe Versus Shaft Rider
Throwback Thursday :: Bently Nevada Dual Probe Versus Shaft Rider Date : February 12, 2015 Bently Nevada has a rich history of machinery condition monitoring experience and has always placed a high priority
More informationENSC387: Introduction to Electromechanical Sensors and Actuators LAB 5: DC MOTORS WARNING:
ENSC387: Introduction to Electromechanical Sensors and Actuators LAB 5: DC MOTORS WARNING: Please be extremely cautious to precisely follow the procedures described in this manual. It is very easy to break
More informationTORQUE-MOTORS. as Actuators in Intake and Exhaust System. SONCEBOZ Rue Rosselet-Challandes 5 CH-2605 Sonceboz.
TORQUE-MOTORS as Actuators in Intake and Exhaust System SONCEBOZ Rue Rosselet-Challandes 5 CH-2605 Sonceboz Tel.: +41 / 32-488 11 11 Fax: +41 / 32-488 11 00 info@sonceboz.com www.sonceboz.com as Actuators
More informationSensor-Bearing Units Steer-By-Wire Modules Mast Height Control units Other sensorized units
Mechatronics Sensor-Bearing Units... 957 Steer-By-Wire Modules... 967 Mast Height Control units... 969 Other sensorized units... 971 955 Sensor-Bearing Units SKF Sensor-Bearing Units... 958 SKF Explorer
More informationDifferential Expansion Measurements on Large Steam Turbines
Sensonics Technical Note DS1220 Differential Expansion Measurements on Large Steam Turbines One of the challenges facing instrumentation engineers in the power generation sector is the accurate measurement
More information3rd International Conference on Material, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (IC3ME 2015)
3rd International Conference on Material, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (IC3ME 2015) A High Dynamic Performance PMSM Sensorless Algorithm Based on Rotor Position Tracking Observer Tianmiao Wang
More informationImproving predictive maintenance with oil condition monitoring.
Improving predictive maintenance with oil condition monitoring. Contents 1. Introduction 2. The Big Five 3. Pros and cons 4. The perfect match? 5. Two is better than one 6. Gearboxes, for example 7. What
More informationCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK SUBJECT CODE & NAME : EE 1001 SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES
KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK SUBJECT CODE & NAME : EE 1001 SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES YEAR / SEM : IV / VII UNIT I SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE
More informationSelf-Adjusting Two-Wire Hall Effect Gear Tooth Sensor IC CYGTS9804
Self-Adjusting Two-Wire Hall Effect Gear Tooth Sensor IC CYGTS9804 The CYGTS9804 is a sophisticated IC featuring an on-chip 12-bit A/D Converter and logic that acts as a digital sample and hold circuit.
More informationCOMPARATIVE STUDY ON MAGNETIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS BETWEEN INDEPENDENT COIL EXCITATION AND CONVENTIONAL THREE PHASE PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MAGNETIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS BETWEEN INDEPENDENT COIL EXCITATION AND CONVENTIONAL THREE PHASE PERMANENT MAGNET MOTOR A. Nazifah Abdullah 1, M. Norhisam 2, S. Khodijah 1, N. Amaniza 1,
More informationPOWER METER. my2010 (c)
POWER METER ELECTRIC POWER Electric power is the rate at which electric energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt. When electric current flows in a circuit, it can
More informationPage 1. Design meeting 18/03/2008. By Mohamed KOUJILI
Page 1 Design meeting 18/03/2008 By Mohamed KOUJILI I. INTRODUCTION II. III. IV. CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE 1. Stator 2. Rotor 3. Hall sensor 4. Theory of operation TORQUE/SPEED CHARACTERISTICS
More informationStressless Gear Using Embedded System Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology. ISSN 0974-3154 Volume 6, Number 4 (2013), pp. 535-540 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Stressless Gear Using
More informationFigure 1 Linear Output Hall Effect Transducer (LOHET TM )
PDFINFO p a g e - 0 8 4 INTRODUCTION The SS9 Series Linear Output Hall Effect Transducer (LOHET TM ) provides mechanical and electrical designers with significant position and current sensing capabilities.
More informationAC Motors vs DC Motors. DC Motors. DC Motor Classification ... Prof. Dr. M. Zahurul Haq
AC Motors vs DC Motors DC Motors Prof. Dr. M. Zahurul Haq http://teacher.buet.ac.bd/zahurul/ Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology ME 6401: Advanced Mechatronics
More informationTCS Axis Motor Tachometer. Replacement
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII INSTITUTE FOR ASTRONOMY 2680 Woodlawn Dr. Honolulu, HI 96822 NASA Infrared Telescope Facility TCS Axis Motor Tachometer.......... Replacement Eric Warmbier July 9, 2008 Version - Table
More informationSP5 INSTALLATION AND SETUP MANUAL
SP5 INSTALLATION AND SETUP MANUAL 1 Installation 1.1 Introduction The SP5 System consists of a Data Acquisition unit (DAQ) with two complete Roller control channels, each Roller Control Channel consists
More informationA Practical Guide to Free Energy Devices
A Practical Guide to Free Energy Devices Part PatD11: Last updated: 3rd February 2006 Author: Patrick J. Kelly Electrical power is frequently generated by spinning the shaft of a generator which has some
More informationLevel 7 Post Graduate Diploma in Engineering Mechatronics
9210-223 Level 7 Post Graduate Diploma in Engineering Mechatronics 0 You should have the following for this examination one answer book calculator (programmable calculators are not allowed) pen pencil
More informationFig Electromagnetic Actuator
This type of active suspension uses linear electromagnetic motors attached to each wheel. It provides extremely fast response, and allows regeneration of power consumed by utilizing the motors as generators.
More informationPlanning and Commissioning Guideline for NORD IE4 Motors with NORD Frequency Inverters
Planning and Commissioning Guideline for NORD IE4 Motors with NORD Frequency Inverters General Information From their basic function, motors with efficiency class IE4 are synchronous motors and are suitable
More information2014 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
SET - 1 II B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, March 2014 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (Com. to ECE, EIE, BME) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
More informationDevelopment of High Power Column-Type Electric Power Steering System
TECHNICAL REPORT Development of High Power Column-Type Electric Power Steering System Y. NAGAHASHI A. KAWAKUBO T. TSUJIMOTO K. KAGEI J. HASEGAWA S. KAKUTANI Recently, demands have increased for column-type
More informationStratomaster Maxi Single
Stratomaster Maxi Single RV-3 Universal Engine RPM and Rotor RPM display The RV-3 unit is a 3.5 instrument providing a universal rev counter that can be adapted to a variety of roles. Typical uses are
More informationLINEAR MOTORS. Technology of linear motors
LINEAR MOTORS Since linear motors do not have any gear unit it is more simple converting motion in electrical drives. Combined with magnet floating technology an absolutely contact-less and so a wear resistant
More informationQUESTION BANK SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES
SEVENTH SEMESTER EEE QUESTION BANK SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES TWO MARK QUESTIONS 1. What is a synchronous reluctance 2. What are the types of rotor in synchronous reluctance 3. Mention some applications
More informationApplication Note CTAN #234
Application Note CTAN #234 The Application Note is pertinent to the Unidrive SP Family A Guide to Tuning the Unidrive SP Introduction: The Unidrive SP provides a number of features that greatly assist
More informationINSTRUCTION MANUAL 276-5XX SERIES 4-20MA TRANSMITTERS
INSTRUCTION MANUAL 276-5XX SERIES 4-20MA TRANSMITTERS 276-515 4 Phase (210 Meters) Amphenol 276-525 4 Phase (210 Meters) Weather-Tight, Explosion proof (UL, CSA) 276-517 7 Phase (220/240 Meters) Amphenol
More informationEXPERIMENT 13 QUALITATIVE STUDY OF INDUCED EMF
220 13-1 I. THEORY EXPERIMENT 13 QUALITATIVE STUDY OF INDUCED EMF Along the extended central axis of a bar magnet, the magnetic field vector B r, on the side nearer the North pole, points away from this
More informationDisplacement Sensor. Model 8739, 8740, 8741
w Technical Product Information Displacement Sensor 1. Introduction... 2 2. Preparations for use... 2 2.1 Unpacking... 2 2.2 Grounding and potential connection... 2 2.3 Storage... 2 3. Principle of operation...
More informationVibration Measurement and Noise Control in Planetary Gear Train
Vibration Measurement and Noise Control in Planetary Gear Train A.R.Mokate 1, R.R.Navthar 2 P.G. Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, PDVVP COE, A. Nagar, Maharashtra, India 1 Assistance Professor,
More informationCOMPARING SLOTTED vs. SLOTLESS BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS
COMPARING SLOTTED vs. SLOTLESS Authored By: Engineering Team Members Pittman Motors Slotless brushless DC motors represent a unique and compelling subset of motors within the larger category of brushless
More informationRotor Position Detection of CPPM Belt Starter Generator with Trapezoidal Back EMF using Six Hall Sensors
Journal of Magnetics 21(2), 173-178 (2016) ISSN (Print) 1226-1750 ISSN (Online) 2233-6656 http://dx.doi.org/10.4283/jmag.2016.21.2.173 Rotor Position Detection of CPPM Belt Starter Generator with Trapezoidal
More informationSorting Line with Detection 24V
536633 Sorting Line with Detection 24V I2 Q2 I4 I3 I1 Coupling to multi processing station I5 I6 I7 Not in the picture: Q1, Q3, Q4, Q5 Circuit layout for Sorting Line with Detection Terminal no. Function
More informationFundamental Training. Flow Con t
Fundamental Training Flow Con t 1 Contents Topics: Slide No: Velocity flow meters 3-11 Mass flow meters 12-17 Displacement meters 18 Exercise 19-20 2 Velocity Meter Magnetic Flowmeter Faraday s Law of
More informationPrepared By: Ahmad Firdaus Bin Ahmad Zaidi
Prepared By: Ahmad Firdaus Bin Ahmad Zaidi A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical rotational movements. Stepper motor mainly used when
More informationUNIT 2. INTRODUCTION TO DC GENERATOR (Part 1) OBJECTIVES. General Objective
DC GENERATOR (Part 1) E2063/ Unit 2/ 1 UNIT 2 INTRODUCTION TO DC GENERATOR (Part 1) OBJECTIVES General Objective : To apply the basic principle of DC generator, construction principle and types of DC generator.
More informationReduction of Self Induced Vibration in Rotary Stirling Cycle Coolers
Reduction of Self Induced Vibration in Rotary Stirling Cycle Coolers U. Bin-Nun FLIR Systems Inc. Boston, MA 01862 ABSTRACT Cryocooler self induced vibration is a major consideration in the design of IR
More informationIntroduction. Introduction. Switched Reluctance Motors. Introduction
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, SYDNEY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING 48550 Electrical Energy Technology Switched Reluctance Motors Topics to cover: 1. Introduction 2. Structures & Torque Production 3. Drive Circuits
More informationMECHANICAL CONDITION MONITORING ON ROTARY KILNS. Measurement Tools for the Cement Industry
MECHANICAL CONDITION MONITORING ON ROTARY KILNS Measurement Tools for the Cement Industry Agenda About TomTom-Tools GmbH New Kiln Axis Alignment System Tablet PC with Long Range Bluetooth Ovality Sensor
More informationSolar based Automatic Harvesting Robot
Solar based Automatic Harvesting Robot Elango A 1, Senthil Kumar S 2, Vijaykumar R 3, Muthulingaraj M 4, Rajnivas B 5 1,2,3,4, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, PPG Institute of Technology, Coimbatore,
More informationS-SERIES DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCERS
user manual S-SERIES DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCERS Index Section Title Page 1.0 Introduction.................. 3 2.0 Installation................... 4 2.1 Mounting the Transducer........ 4 2.2 Cores.......................
More informationPractical No: Aim: List out the tools required for Instrumentation Workshop and draw the diagram of any two tools
Aim: List out the tools required for Instrumentation Workshop and draw the diagram of any two tools Tools : Equipment which can be used to repair, maintain and furnish the instruments that are known as
More informationSelf-Adjusting Hall Effect Gear Tooth Sensor IC CYGTS9802 with Complementary Output
Self-Adjusting Hall Effect Gear Tooth Sensor IC CYGTS9802 with Complementary Output The CYGTS9802 is a sophisticated IC featuring an on-chip 12-bit A/D Converter and logic that acts as a digital sample
More informationStratomaster Smart Single
Stratomaster Smart Single Universal Engine RPM and Rotor RPM display The unit is a 2.25 instrument providing a universal rev that can be adapted to a variety of roles. Typical uses are engine RPM displays
More informationProduct Training Module: Hall-Effect Rotary Position Sensors RTY Series. Copyright 2012 Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
Product Training Module: Hall-Effect Rotary Position Sensors Agenda In this training module, you will learn the following about Honeywell s : How the senses rotary movement, and the technology behind its
More informationWhite paper: Originally published in ISA InTech Magazine Page 1
Page 1 Improving Differential Pressure Diaphragm Seal System Performance and Installed Cost Tuned-Systems ; Deliver the Best Practice Diaphragm Seal Installation To Compensate Errors Caused by Temperature
More informationHashemite University Mechatronics Engineering Department Process Control Laboratory
Hashemite University Mechatronics Engineering Department Process Control Laboratory 110405533 The Hashemite University Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechatronics Engineering Process Control Lab.
More informationJ.D ENGINEERING WORKS
P O W E R G E N E R A T I O N About Us J. Engineering works, Manufacture Permanent Magnet Generators, AC Alternators,BLC MOTORS, Electric Motors, PMG Wind & Hydro Turbine. Mr. Gurdavinder Singh, Founder
More informationInput, Control and Processing elements
PNEUMATIC & HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS CHAPTER FIVE Input, Control and Processing elements Dr. Ibrahim Naimi Valves The function of valves is to control the fluid path or the pressure or the flow rate. Depending
More informationGENERATION, CONVERSION, OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
XXXX H02 GENERATION, CONVERSION, OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER XXXX CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, GENERATORS, OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE
More informationNHP SAFETY REFERENCE GUIDE
4 NHP SAFETY REFERENCE GUIDE CONTENTS SAFETY TECHNOLOGY Risk Reduction Options Permanent Fixed Guard 4-02 Interlocked Guard: 4-03 Limit Switches 4-08 Presence Sensing Technology 4-09 Safety Laser Scanners
More informationApplication Notes. Calculating Mechanical Power Requirements. P rot = T x W
Application Notes Motor Calculations Calculating Mechanical Power Requirements Torque - Speed Curves Numerical Calculation Sample Calculation Thermal Calculations Motor Data Sheet Analysis Search Site
More informationMagnetostriction in Automotive Position Measurement
l MTS Systems Corporation Sensors Division 3001 Sheldon Drive Cary, NC 27513 Phone 919-677-0100, Fax 919-677-0200 TECHNICAL PAPER Part Number: 08-02 M1163 Revision A Magnetostriction in Automotive Position
More informationTachometer (RPM Feedback) General
Tachometer (RPM Feedback) General The force of magnetic fields interacting drives all electric motors. How the magnetic field is created on the moving rotor determines the type of control required on the
More informationINSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING Dundigal, Hyderabad
INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING Dundigal, Hyderabad - 500 043 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ASSIGNMENT Name : Electrical and Electronics Engineering Code : A40203 Class : II B. Tech I Semester Branch :
More informationINTRODUCTION WARNING SIGNS AND THEIR MEANINGS
INTRODUCTION FMI-series frameless motors by Rozum Robotics are designed to provide motion as part of a motion system. Available in a range of sizes (stator dia. 41, 51, 75 mm), FMI motors are suitable
More informationDesign and Analysis of Bent Pin Mechanism
Design and Analysis of Bent Pin Mechanism 1 Mr.Sachin R. Jaiswal, 2 Prof.D.M.Mate, 3 Dr. C.N.Sakhale 1 Assistant Professor, 2 Assistant Professor, 3 Associate Professor 1 Mechanical Engineering Department
More informationA22 / A6 MINIATURE FORCE SENSOR
1 A22 / A6 MINIATURE FORCE SENSOR MODEL A22 ; A6 COMPREHENSIVE ERROR % 0.1 OUTPUT SENSITIVITY mv/v 1.60 ± 0.16 NONLINEARITY %F.S 0.05 REPEATABILITY %F.S 0.05 HYSTERESIS %F.S 0.05 CREEP (5min)%F.S 0.1 ZERO
More informationMOTORS. Part 2: The Stepping Motor July 8, 2015 ELEC This lab must be handed in at the end of the lab period
MOTORS Part 2: The Stepping Motor July 8, 2015 ELEC 3105 This lab must be handed in at the end of the lab period 1.0 Introduction The objective of this lab is to examine the operation of a typical stepping
More informationMagnetic Sensors Line Guide
Magnetic Sensors Line Guide You know us as a leader, whether you ve known us as MICRO SWITCH or Honeywell Sensing and Control (S&C). In 1968, we revolutionized the industry with the first solid-state keyboard
More informationAUTOMATIC PNEUMATIC BUMPER AND BREAK ACTUATION BEFORE COLLISION.
AUTOMATIC PNEUMATIC BUMPER AND BREAK ACTUATION BEFORE COLLISION. Shinde Ravindra B 1, Valvi Priyanka G 2, Shelake Balasaheb T 3, Shelke Pravin A 4, Gange Manoj D 5. 1 BE student Mechanical, SND COE & RC,
More informationPHYS 2212L - Principles of Physics Laboratory II
PHYS 2212L - Principles of Physics Laboratory II Laboratory Advanced Sheet Faraday's Law 1. Objectives. The objectives of this laboratory are a. to verify the dependence of the induced emf in a coil on
More informationFlexible. Fast. Reliable. ELM Compact Linear Module
ELM Flexible. Fast. Reliable. ELM Compact Linear Module With linear direct drive and profiled rail guide with integrated measuring system for position detection and temperature monitoring. Field of Application
More informationAUTOMATIC PNEUMATIC BUMPER IN 4 WHEELER VEHICLE
AUTOMATIC PNEUMATIC BUMPER IN 4 WHEELER VEHICLE Asst. Prof. Swapnil Patil,Suraj Mohite 2, Mahesh Motkar 3, Omkar Kurlekar 4, Krushna Raut 5 1,2,3,4,5 Mechanical Engineering, SPPU, Pune, (India) ABSTRACT
More information14 Single- Phase A.C. Motors I
Lectures 14-15, Page 1 14 Single- Phase A.C. Motors I There exists a very large market for single-phase, fractional horsepower motors (up to about 1 kw) particularly for domestic use. Like many large volume
More informationAspects of Permanent Magnet Machine Design
Aspects of Permanent Magnet Machine Design Christine Ross February 7, 2011 Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics Outline Permanent Magnet (PM) Machine Fundamentals Motivation and
More informationApplication Note : Comparative Motor Technologies
Application Note : Comparative Motor Technologies Air Motor and Cylinders Air Actuators use compressed air to move a piston for linear motion or turn a turbine for rotary motion. Responsiveness, speed
More informationPhased Out Products SB100A. Magnetic Pulse Pickup DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL DATA ORDERING INFORMATION. BLN Issued: February 1992
DESCRIPTION SB100A The SB100A is a self-generating variable reluctance speed sensor that is designed for rugged outdoor, mobile, or heavy industrial applications. It can be used for measurement, control,
More informationCHAPTER 2 MODELLING OF SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTORS
9 CHAPTER 2 MODELLING OF SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTORS 2.1 INTRODUCTION The Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) has a simple design with a rotor without windings and a stator with windings located at the poles.
More informationQuestion Bank ( ODD)
Programme : B.E Question Bank (2016-2017ODD) Subject Semester / Branch : EE 6703 SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES : VII-EEE UNIT - 1 PART A 1. List the applications of synchronous reluctance motors. 2. Draw
More information