Investigation Electrical Circuits
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- Thomasina Whitehead
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1 ACTIVITY #1 Task: To design and construct a circuit where 2 light bulbs can turn on and off at the same time Materials: - 1 power supply - 2 light bulbs - Connecting wires ( ) - Switch(s) - Multi-meter Pre Lab Questions 1. Given the listed materials, and using correct symbols and diagrams, draw preliminary circuit (inside the box) that will accomplish the above task. 2. Describe what type of circuit this is. How do you know? 3. How should an ammeter be connected in a circuit? 4. How should a voltmeter be connected in a circuit? Page - 1
2 Procedure: Safety Note: Any increase of voltage beyond 5.0V without teacher permission will result in removal from the lab and a mark of zero will be given. 5. Confirm your pre-lab circuit diagram with a group member. Have you drawn the same circuits or are there any changes that need to be made? Describe those similarities and differences. (NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE YOUR PRE-LAB) 6. Determine how many connecting wires you will need. Include this in your materials list above 7. DO NOT PLUG IN THE POWER SUPPLY FIRST 8. Construct your circuit in order to accomplish the above task 9. Once you have built your circuit, obtain teachers permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 10. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. 11. Turn the voltage up to 1.5 V. Turn the power supply ON. 12. Open and Close your switch. 13. Record your observations in the table below 14. Repeat the above steps by turning up the voltage to according the observation table. Observations 1.5 V 3.0 V 5.0 V Observations Page - 2
3 Procedure (cont.) 15. Turn the power supply down to 1.5 V. Then turn OFF the power supply. 16. Plug in the black connector into the COMM input on the Multi-meter. Plug in the red connector into the input on the Multi-meter 17. Use the Multi-meter as a Voltmeter by turning the knob to the lowest voltage setting. 18. Connect the Voltmeter in parallel to the first light bulb. Once you have built your circuit, obtain teachers permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 19. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. Turn the voltage up to 1.5V. Turn the power supply ON. Record the voltage in the table below. 20. Turn up the voltage on the power supply to 3.0V and 5.0V and record your observations. 21. Turn off the power supply. 22. Disconnect the voltmeter and adjust the input to use the Multi-meter as an Ammeter 23. Connect the ammeter in series with the first light bulb (any point within the circuit). Once you have built your circuit, obtain teacher permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 24. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. Turn the voltage up to 1.5V. Turn the power supply ON. Record the current in the table below. 25. Turn up the voltage on the power supply to 3.0V and 5.0V and record your observations. 26. Turn off the power supply. 27. Perform calculations to calculate the resistance for each measurement (complete the table). 28. Repeat the above procedure for Light bulb #2 29. Make sure all equipment is turned OFF and unplugged when complete. Page - 3
4 Observations (cont.) and Calculations Power Supply Light Bulb #1 Light Bulb #2 from Multimeter Current from Multi-Meter Resistance Calculation from Multimeter Current from Multimeter Resistance Calculation 1.5 V 3.0 V 5.0 V Illustrations 30. Draw a circuit diagram below based on the approved circuits you have created, including any changes you have made from your pre-lab circuit diagram. Include the location(s) of your voltmeters and ammeters. Page - 4
5 Discussion Questions 31. Based on your observations table, how does changing the voltage affect the current in this circuit? 32. Based on your observations table, how does changing the voltage affect the resistance in this circuit 33. What did you notice about the current flowing through each load in the above circuit? Write a conclusion statement to summarize your findings. 34. What did you notice about the voltage across each load in the above circuit? Write a conclusion statement to summarize your findings. Page - 5
6 ROUGH NOTES Page - 6
7 ACTIVITY #2 Task: To design and construct a circuit where one light bulb is always on, and another light bulb can be turned on or off. Materials: - 1 power supply - 2 light bulbs - Connecting wires ( ) - Switch(s) - Multi-meter Pre Lab Questions 35. Given the listed materials, and using correct symbols and diagrams, draw preliminary circuit (inside the box) that will accomplish the above task. 36. Describe what type of circuit this is. How do you know? 37. What is the main difference between the pre-lab circuits drawn in Activity #1 compared to Activity #2? 38. What is the equation for calculating resistance? Page - 7
8 Procedure: Safety Note: Any increase of voltage beyond 5.0V without teacher permission will result in removal from the lab and a mark of zero will be given. 39. Confirm your pre-lab circuit diagram with a group member. Have you drawn the same circuits or are there any changes that need to be made? Describe those similarities and differences. (NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE YOUR PRE-LAB) 40. Determine how many connecting wires you will need. Include this in your materials list above 41. DO NOT PLUG IN THE POWER SUPPLY FIRST 42. Construct your circuit in order to accomplish the above task 43. Once you have built your circuit, obtain teachers permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 44. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. 45. Turn the voltage up to 1.5 V. Turn the power supply ON. 46. Open and Close your switch. 47. Record your observations in the table below 48. Repeat the above steps by turning up the voltage to according the observation table. Observations 1.5 V 3.0 V 5.0 V Observations Page - 8
9 Procedure (cont.) 49. Turn the power supply down to 1.5 V. Then turn OFF the power supply. 50. Plug in the black connector into the COMM input on the Multi-meter. Plug in the red connector into the input on the Multi-meter 51. Use the Multi-meter as a Voltmeter by turning the knob to the lowest voltage setting. 52. Connect the Voltmeter in parallel to the first light bulb. Once you have built your circuit, obtain teachers permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 53. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. Turn the voltage up to 1.5V. Turn the power supply ON. Record the voltage in the table below. 54. Turn up the voltage on the power supply to 3.0V and 5.0V and record your observations. 55. Turn off the power supply. 56. Disconnect the voltmeter and adjust the input to use the Multi-meter as an Ammeter 57. Connect the ammeter in series with the first light bulb (any point within the circuit). Once you have built your circuit, obtain teacher permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 58. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. Turn the voltage up to 1.5V. Turn the power supply ON. Record the current in the table below. 59. Turn up the voltage on the power supply to 3.0V and 5.0V and record your observations. 60. Turn off the power supply. 61. Perform calculations to calculate the resistance for each measurement (complete the table). 62. Repeat the above procedure for Light bulb #2 63. Make sure all equipment is turned OFF and unplugged when complete. Page - 9
10 Observations (cont.) and Calculations Power Supply Light Bulb #1 Light Bulb #2 from Multimeter Current from Multi-Meter Resistance Calculation from Multimeter Current from Multimeter Resistance Calculation 1.5 V 3.0 V 5.0 V Illustrations 64. Draw a circuit diagram below based on the approved circuits you have created, including any changes you have made from your pre-lab circuit diagram. Include the location(s) of your voltmeters and ammeters. Page - 10
11 Discussion Questions 65. Based on your observations table, how does changing the voltage affect the current in this circuit? 66. Based on your observations table, how does changing the voltage affect the resistance in this circuit 67. What did you notice about the current flowing through each load in the above circuit? Write a conclusion statement to summarize your findings. 68. What did you notice about the voltage across each load in the above circuit? Write a conclusion statement to summarize your findings. Page - 11
12 ROUGH NOTES Page - 12
13 ACTIVITY #3 Task: To design and construct a circuit where 2 light bulbs can turn on and off at different times, however, one light bulb is always dimmer than the other. Materials: - 1 power supply - 2 light bulbs - Connecting wires ( ) - Switch(s) - Multi-meter - Resistor Pre Lab Questions 69. Given the listed materials, and using correct symbols and diagrams, draw preliminary circuit (inside the box) that will accomplish the above task. 70. Describe what type of circuit this is. How do you know? 71. What is the main difference between the pre-lab circuits drawn in Activity #2 compared to Activity #3? 72. What is the equation for calculating resistance? Page - 13
14 Procedure: Safety Note: Any increase of voltage beyond 5.0V without teacher permission will result in removal from the lab and a mark of zero will be given. 73. Confirm your pre-lab circuit diagram with a group member. Have you drawn the same circuits or are there any changes that need to be made? Describe those similarities and differences. (NOTE: DO NOT CHANGE YOUR PRE-LAB) 74. Determine how many connecting wires you will need. Include this in your materials list above 75. DO NOT PLUG IN THE POWER SUPPLY FIRST 76. Construct your circuit in order to accomplish the above task 77. Once you have built your circuit, obtain teachers permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 78. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. 79. Turn the voltage up to 1.5 V. Turn the power supply ON. 80. Open and Close your switch(s) 81. Record your observations in the table below 82. Repeat the above steps by turning up the voltage to according the observation table. Observations 1.5 V 3.0 V 5.0 V Observations Page - 14
15 Procedure (cont.) 83. Turn the power supply down to 1.5 V. Then turn OFF the power supply. 84. Plug in the black connector into the COMM input on the Multi-meter. Plug in the red connector into the input on the Multi-meter 85. Use the Multi-meter as a Voltmeter by turning the knob to the lowest voltage setting. 86. Connect the Voltmeter in parallel to the first light bulb. Once you have built your circuit, obtain teachers permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 87. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. Turn the voltage up to 1.5V. Turn the power supply ON. Record the voltage in the table below. 88. Turn up the voltage on the power supply to 3.0V and 5.0V and record your observations. 89. Turn off the power supply. 90. Disconnect the voltmeter and adjust the input to use the Multi-meter as an Ammeter 91. Connect the ammeter in series with the first light bulb (any point within the circuit). Once you have built your circuit, obtain teacher permission to plug in the power supply. Teacher approval 92. Ensure the power button is off. Plug in the power supply. Turn the voltage up to 1.5V. Turn the power supply ON. Record the current in the table below. 93. Turn up the voltage on the power supply to 3.0V and 5.0V and record your observations. 94. Turn off the power supply. 95. Perform calculations to calculate the resistance for each measurement (complete the table). 96. Repeat the above procedure for Light bulb #2 97. Make sure all equipment is turned OFF and unplugged when complete. Page - 15
16 Observations (cont.) and Calculations Power Supply Light Bulb #1 Light Bulb #2 from Multimeter Current from Multi-Meter Resistance Calculation from Multimeter Current from Multimeter Resistance Calculation 1.5 V 3.0 V 5.0 V Illustrations 98. Draw a circuit diagram below based on the approved circuits you have created, including any changes you have made from your pre-lab circuit diagram. Include the location(s) of your voltmeters and ammeters. Page - 16
17 Discussion Questions 99. Based on your observations table, how does changing the voltage affect the current in this circuit? 100. Based on your observations table, how does changing the voltage affect the resistance in this circuit 101. What did you notice about the current flowing through each load in the above circuit? Write a conclusion statement to summarize your findings What did you notice about the voltage across each load in the above circuit? Write a conclusion statement to summarize your findings. Page - 17
18 Marking Scheme Category Activity #1 Activity #2 Activity #3 Total Out of Pre Lab Circuit (KU) 6 Pre Lab Questions (KU) 18 Confirming Pre Lab (C) 3 Observations for s Observations from Multi-meter for and Current Calculations for Resistance Illustration for new circuit (T) 3 (T) 36 (T) 36 (T) 9 Discussion Questions (A) 36 Page - 18
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