California State University, Bakersfield. Signals and Systems. Kristin Koehler. California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 4 July 18 th, 2013

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "California State University, Bakersfield. Signals and Systems. Kristin Koehler. California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 4 July 18 th, 2013"

Transcription

1 Kristin Koehler California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 4 July 18 th,

2 Outline Internal combustion engines 2 stroke combustion engines 4 stroke combustion engines Diesel engines 2

3 Consists of 3 moving parts Crankshaft Connecting rods Pistons Piston Connecting Rod Crankshaft 3

4 Crankshaft The crankshaft is that part of the engine that converts linear motion into rotary motion. The rotary motion created by the crankshaft is what drives the rotation of the wheels on a vehicle. Without a crankshaft there would not be any way to create rotary motion, hence a vehicle could not move. Crankshaft 4

5 Connecting Rod The connecting rod connects the crankshaft to the piston. It acts as an extender and a hinge allowing the crankshaft to move in a circular motion while the piston moves linearly (up and down). Connecting Rod 5

6 Piston Each piston is housed inside its own cylinder. The piston moves vertically through the cylinder that houses it. The motion of the piston through the cylinder compresses a mixture of air and fuel which will be ignited by a spark plug once it has reached a certain pressure. Piston 6

7 Consist of 7 stationary parts Crankcase Intake port Transfer port Exhaust port Cooling fins Spark plug (glow plug) Cylinder head 7

8 Crankcase The crankcase is the lower, round portion of the cylinder. The crankcase houses the crank and the crankshaft. There is NOT an oil reservoir in the bottom of the crankcase as there is in a four stroke engine. Crankcase 8

9 Intake Port The intake port is the lower of the two ports that allow substances in or out of the cylinder. It may be located on either side of the cylinder and is not always on the same side as the exhaust port. The intake port is where the mixture of fuel, in this case gasoline mixed with engine oil, and air are allowed into the cylinder. Intake Port 9

10 Transfer Port The transfer port is located on the opposite side of the cylinder and crankcase as the intake port. It connects the crankcase and the cylinder creating a passage for the fuel and air mixture. The intake port is where the mixture of fuel and air passes through as it enters the cylinder above the piston where it will be compressed. Transfer Port 10

11 Cooling Fins The cooling fins are located along the exterior of the cylinder near the cylinder head. They are located on both sides of the cylinder to increase efficiency. The cooling fins are used to draw heat out of the cylinder and allow the heat to dissipate into the surrounding external air to keep the engine from overheating. Cooling Fins 11

12 Spark Plug The spark plug is located at the center of the top of the cylinder. The spark plug creates a spark that will ignite and burn the fuel creating power and exhaust. Spark Plug 12

13 Cylinder Head The cylinder head is located at the top of the cylinder. The cylinder head is simply the top of the cylinder that encloses the piston and keeps the fuel mixture from escaping until it has been burned and becomes exhaust which will exit through the exhaust port. Cylinder Head 13

14 Oil The way a two stroke engine uses oil is slightly different than that of the more common four stroke engine. In a two stroke engine the oil is actually mixed with the fuel, typically gasoline, and air mixture that gets injected into the cylinder. Because the oil is mixed with this, that means that when the fuel is ignited so is the oil. Hence, a two stroke engine intentionally burns oil and only a portion of the oil is able to be distributed throughout the engine for lubrication. 14

15 Oil Pros Cons All parts are well lubricated Lubrication is dispersed throughout entire engine through the air Burning oil does not mean that something is wrong Constantly burning oil Exhaust contains more pollutants Exhaust may have a bluish color to it and/or an odor of burning oil 15

16 How It Works The two stroke engine has been given its name because when in operation the piston completes two strokes in one cycle. Intake/Compression stroke Power stroke 16

17 Intake/Compression Stroke The first stroke that takes place in a two stroke engine is the intake/compression stroke. During this stroke, the cylinder is filled with the mixture of fuel, gasoline and oil, and air as the piston lowers. The fuel mixture is initially released into the crankcase and makes its way into the transfer port. As the piston lowers, the pressure in the crankcase increases which pushes the fuel through the transfer port into the cylinder. 17

18 Intake/Compression Stroke Fuel and air mixture entering cylinder. 18

19 Intake/Compression Stroke Once the cylinder is filled with fuel, the piston begins to rise through the cylinder. As the piston rises, the pressure inside the cylinder increases which also causes the temperature inside the cylinder to rise in a manner proportional to the pressure. At this point both intake and compression have been achieved. While the piston is in the upper portion of the cylinder, the intake port in uncovered allowing fuel and air to enter the crankcase. 19

20 Combustion Combustion marks the end of the intake/compression stroke and the beginning of the power stroke. Once the piston has risen to top dead center, when the piston is as high as it can go and the connecting rod is entirely vertical, the spark plug is activated. The activation of the spark plug creates a spark that ignites the fuel that has been compressed in the cylinder. 20

21 Power Stroke The power stroke begins as the compressed fuel in the cylinder is ignited. Upon ignition, the burning fuel expands rapidly which places a downward force on the piston. This force pushes the piston back down the chamber, uncovering the exhaust port and allowing the exhaust to escape the cylinder. 21

22 Power Stroke The power that pushes the piston down is also what creates the rotary motion desired when running an engine. As the piston lowers, the fuel is again being pushed through the transfer port, allowing the two stroke cycle to begin again. 22

23 Intake Valves The intake port may have a valve contained within in it that provides better control of fuel release and prevents backflow of fuel into the carburetor. The most common valve types include Reed valves Rotary valves Reed valves are made of some type of reed and only open to allow fuel into the crankcase. Rotary valves are connected to the rotary system and only uncover the intake port when the piston is in the upper portion of the cylinder. 23

24 Rotary Valves While reed valves can be quite effective they must be replaced every so often due to the nature of the reed. Rotary valves have several advantages over conventional engine assemblies such as: Higher compression ratios and RPMs More compact, lighter cylinder head Less complex Higher reliability at lower cost 24

25 Events that take place BELOW the piston: Intake Pre-compression Transfer Events that take place ABOVE the piston: Compression Combustion Scavenging (release of exhaust) 25

26 Recap Intake/compression stroke Power stroke Oil Valves 26

27 27

28 Outline Internal combustion engines 2 stroke combustion engines 4 stroke combustion engines Diesel engines 28

29 4 Stroke Engines Consists of 6 moving parts Crankshaft Connecting rods Pistons Intake valve Exhaust valve Cams Intake Valve Exhaust Valve Piston Connecting Rod Crankshaft 29

30 4 Stroke Engines Moving Parts Review Crankshaft converts linear motion into rotary motion Connecting rod connects the crankshaft to the piston (hinge) Piston moves vertically through cylinder to compress fuel 30

31 4 Stroke Engines Moving Parts Intake valve the intake valve is opened as the piston lowers through the chamber on the first stroke to allow fuel to be sucked into the cylinder Exhaust valve the exhaust valve is opened as the piston rises through the cylinder on the fourth stroke of the cycle to allow the exhaust to be pushed out Rocker arms the rocker arms press down on the intake/exhaust valves to open them Intake Valve Exhaust Valve Rocker arm 31

32 4 Stroke Engines Consists of 3 stationary parts Crankcase Combustion chamber (cylinder) Spark plug Spark Plug Combustion Chamber Crankcase 32

33 4 Stroke Engines Crankcase like the two stroke engine, houses the crankshaft, but in a four stroke engine it is also where the oil is located (in an oil sump) Combustion chamber also known as the cylinder is what the piston rises and falls in Spark Plug creates the spark that ignites the fuel Spark Plug Combustion Chamber Crankcase 33

34 4 Stroke Engines Oil In a four stoke engine the oil lies in what is called an oil sump that is at the bottom of the crankcase. The crankshaft is oiled with every rotation as it passes through the oil sump at the bottom of the crankcase. Thus, burning oil in a four stroke engine means that something is wrong and should be fixed immediately. 34

35 4 Stroke Engines How It Works The four stroke engine consists of four strokes in one cycle of operation. Intake stroke Compression stroke Combustion stroke (power stroke) Exhaust stroke 35

36 4 Stroke Engines Intake Stroke The intake stroke begins when the piston is at top-dead center (TDC). The intake valve opens and because of the vacuum that is created in the cylinder, the mixture of fuel and air is sucked into the cylinder. The intake valve is closed and the stroke is completed once the piston reaches bottom-dead center (BDC). 36

37 4 Stroke Engines Compression Stroke The compression stroke begins when the piston is at bottom-dead center. With both the intake and exhaust valves closed, the piston rises through the cylinder, or combustion chamber, compressing the mixture of fuel and air. The compression stroke finishes once the piston reaches top-dead center and the fuel is at maximum pressure. 37

38 4 Stroke Engines Combustion Stroke The combustion stroke begins when the piston is at top-dead center. With both the intake and exhaust valves closed, the spark plug is triggered, producing a spark that ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber. Upon ignition, the fuel rapidly expands and forces the piston down into the power stroke. The combustion/power stroke finishes once the piston reaches bottom-dead center. Spark 38

39 4 Stroke Engines Exhaust Stroke The exhaust stroke begins when the piston is at bottom-dead center. The exhaust valve opens at this point and as the piston rises through the cylinder the exhaust fumes are forced out of the chamber through the exhaust valve. The exhaust stroke finishes once the piston reaches top-dead center. This marks the end of one complete cycle of a four stroke engine. 39

40 4 Stroke Engines Review and Comparison troke+engine+works&mid=13323a0c326e A0C326E &view=detail&FORM=VIR E1 40

41 4 Stroke Engines 41

42 References s1600/6-3-two-strokecompressionignition.jpg 42

California State University, Bakersfield. Signals and Systems. Kristin Koehler. California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 6 July 23 rd, 2013

California State University, Bakersfield. Signals and Systems. Kristin Koehler. California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 6 July 23 rd, 2013 Kristin Koehler California State University, Bakersfield Lecture 6 July 23 rd, 2013 1 Outline Review (2 and 4 stroke engines) Diesel Engines 2 stroke 4 stroke Benefits of diesel Uses of diesel engines

More information

Two Cycle and Four Cycle Engines

Two Cycle and Four Cycle Engines Ch. 5 Two Cycle and Four Cycle Engines Feb 20 7:43 AM 1 Stroke of the piston is its movement in the cylinder from one end of its travel to the other Feb 20 7:44 AM 2 Four stroke cycle engine 4 strokes

More information

Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine.

Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine. Comparative Study Of Four Stroke Diesel And Petrol Engine. Aim: To study the construction and working of 4- stroke petrol / diesel engine. Theory: A machine or device which derives heat from the combustion

More information

ENGINES ENGINE OPERATION

ENGINES ENGINE OPERATION ENGINES ENGINE OPERATION Because the most widely used piston engine is the four-stroke cycle type, it will be used as the example for this section, Engine Operation and as the basis for comparison in the

More information

FUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS

FUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS Prof. Kunalsinh Mechanical Engineering Dept. FUNDAMENTAL OF AUTOMOBILE SYSTEMS Prof. Kunalsinh kathia [MECHANICAL DEPT.] UNIT-2 [ENGINES] PART-1 Prof. Kunalsinh kathia [MECHANICAL DEPT.] Internal combustion

More information

UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF IC ENGINES. Objectives. Structure. 2.1 Introduction

UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF IC ENGINES. Objectives. Structure. 2.1 Introduction UNIT 2 POWER PLANTS Power Plants Structure 2.1 Introduction Objectives 2.2 Classification of IC Engines 2.3 Four Stroke Engines versus Two Stroke Engines 2.4 Working of Four Stroke Petrol Engine 2.5 Working

More information

UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES UNIT IV INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Objectives After the completion of this chapter, Students 1. To know the different parts of IC engines and their functions. 2. To understand the working principle of

More information

SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL

SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 1 SAMPLE STUDY MATERIAL Mechanical Engineering ME Postal Correspondence Course Internal Combustion Engine GATE, IES & PSUs IC Engine - ME GATE, IES, PSU 2 C O N T E N T 1.

More information

Chapter 14 Small Gas Engines

Chapter 14 Small Gas Engines Chapter 14 Small Gas Engines Use the Textbook Pages 321 349 to help answer the questions Why You Learn So Well in Tech & Engineering Classes 1. Internal combustion make heat by burning a fuel & air mixture

More information

Internal Combustion Engines

Internal Combustion Engines Internal Combustion Engines The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the burning of a fuel occurs in a confined space called a combustion chamber. This exothermic reaction of a fuel with an

More information

TKP3501 Farm Mechanization

TKP3501 Farm Mechanization TKP3501 Farm Mechanization Topic 2: Internal Combustion Engines Ahmad Suhaizi, Mat Su Email: asuhaizi@upm.edu.my Outlines Internal vs external combustion engines Engine structure Combustion cycle 4 stroke

More information

Air Cooled Engine Technology. Roth 9 th Ch 5 2 & 4 Cycle Engines Pages 81 94

Air Cooled Engine Technology. Roth 9 th Ch 5 2 & 4 Cycle Engines Pages 81 94 Roth 9 th Ch 5 2 & 4 Cycle Engines Pages 81 94 1. The of the piston is its movement in the cylinder from one end of its travel to another. Either TDC to BDC (downstroke) or BDC to TDC (upstroke). Identified

More information

Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 11 Pages Engine Fundamentals 62 Points

Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 11 Pages Engine Fundamentals 62 Points Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 11 Pages 145-161 Engine Fundamentals 62 Points 1. The is the area between the top of the piston & the cylinder head. Combustion Chamber Cylinder Chamber Chamber of

More information

ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES

ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES ENGINE & WORKING PRINCIPLES A heat engine is a machine, which converts heat energy into mechanical energy. The combustion of fuel such as coal, petrol, diesel generates heat. This heat is supplied to a

More information

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT DIVISON OF THERMAL AND ENERGY CONVERSION IC Engine Fundamentals 2 Engine Systems An engine

More information

I.C ENGINES. CLASSIFICATION I.C Engines are classified according to:

I.C ENGINES. CLASSIFICATION I.C Engines are classified according to: I.C ENGINES An internal combustion engine is most popularly known as I.C. engine, is a heat engine which converts the heat energy released by the combustion of the fuel taking place inside the engine cylinder

More information

CHAPTER 1 MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT

CHAPTER 1 MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 1 MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT CONTENTS PAGE Basic Principals 02 The Crankshaft 06 Piston Attachment 08 Major Assemblies 10 Valve Gear 12 Cam Drive 18 Mechanical Arrangement - Basic Principals

More information

Handout Activity: HA170

Handout Activity: HA170 Basic diesel engine components Handout Activity: HA170 HA170-2 Basic diesel engine components Diesel engine parts are usually heavier or more rugged than those of similar output gasoline engines. Their

More information

Bronze Level Training

Bronze Level Training Bronze Level Training Engine Principles of Operation While not everyone at the dealership needs to be a top rated service technician, it is good for all the employees to have a basic understanding of engine

More information

Introduction to I.C Engines CH. 1. Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje

Introduction to I.C Engines CH. 1. Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje Introduction to I.C Engines CH. 1 Prepared by: Dr. Assim Adaraje 1 An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion

More information

OBJECTIVE: GENERAL ASPECTS ABOUT ENGINES MECHANISM:

OBJECTIVE: GENERAL ASPECTS ABOUT ENGINES MECHANISM: LANDMARK UNIVERSITY, OMU-ARAN LECTURE NOTE 3 COLLEGE: COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Course code: MCE 211 Course title: Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Credit

More information

Internal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition

Internal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition Chapter 1 Introduction 1-3 ENGINE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal combustion engines can be classified in a number of different ways: 1. Types of Ignition 1 (a) Spark Ignition (SI). An SI engine starts the combustion

More information

Unit C: Agricultural Power Systems. Lesson 1: Understanding Principles of Operation of Internal Combustion Engines

Unit C: Agricultural Power Systems. Lesson 1: Understanding Principles of Operation of Internal Combustion Engines Unit C: Agricultural Power Systems Lesson 1: Understanding Principles of Operation of Internal Combustion Engines 1 Terms Compression Compression stroke Connecting rod Crankshaft Cycle Cylinder Diesel

More information

Internal Combustion Engines.

Internal Combustion Engines. Internal Combustion Engines. Here's a quick description of a typical internal combustion engine, along with basic vocabularies that describe the components and their functions. This stuffs serve as a quick

More information

Combustion engines. Combustion

Combustion engines. Combustion Combustion engines Chemical energy in fuel converted to thermal energy by combustion or oxidation Heat engine converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Thermal energy raises temperature and pressure

More information

Engine Systems. Basic Engine Operation. Firing Order. Four Stroke Cycle. Overhead Valves - OHV. Engine Design. AUMT Engine Systems 4/4/11

Engine Systems. Basic Engine Operation. Firing Order. Four Stroke Cycle. Overhead Valves - OHV. Engine Design. AUMT Engine Systems 4/4/11 Advanced Introduction Brake to Automotive Systems Diagnosis Service and Service Basic Engine Operation Engine Systems Donald Jones Brookhaven College The internal combustion process consists of: admitting

More information

Engine Design Classifications

Engine Design Classifications Chapter 12 Engine Design Classifications Name: Date: Instructor: Score: Textbook pages 158-175 Objective: After studying this chapter, you will be able to describe and explain basic automotive engine designs

More information

Fundamentals of Small Gas Engines

Fundamentals of Small Gas Engines Fundamentals of Small Gas Engines Objectives: Describe the four-stroke cycle engine operation and explain the purpose of each stroke Explain the concept of valve timing Describe two-stroke engine operation

More information

Engine Construction and Principles of Operation

Engine Construction and Principles of Operation Ch. 4 Engine Construction and Principles of Operation Gasoline Engine A gasoline fueled engine is a mechanism designed to transform chemical energy into mechanical energy It is an internal combustion engine.

More information

CHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES

CHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 3 ENGINE TYPES CONTENTS PAGE Multi-Cylinders 02 Firing orders 06 2 Stroke Cycle 08 Diesel Cycle 10 Wankel Engine 12 Radial/Rotary 14 Engine Types Multi Cylinders Below are illustrated

More information

The Basics of Four-Stroke Engines

The Basics of Four-Stroke Engines Youth Explore Trades Skills Description Students will be introduced to basic engine parts, theory and terminology. Understanding how an engine works and knowing some key related parts and terminology is

More information

Internal Combustion Engine. Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST

Internal Combustion Engine. Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST Internal Combustion Engine Prepared by- Md Ferdous Alam Lecturer, MEE, SUST What is an Engine? -a machine designed to convert one form of energy into mechanical energy Two types of engines : 1. Internal

More information

INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE

INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE INTRODUCTION OF FOUR STROKE ENGINE Engine: An engine is motor which converts chemical energy into mechanical energy Fuel/petrol engine: A petrol engine (known as a gasoline engine in North America) is

More information

Chapter 40: Engines and motors

Chapter 40: Engines and motors Chapter 40: Engines and motors Dr. Bassam A. Tayeh Engineering Technical English Islamic University of Gaza April, 2017 Contents A. Types and functions of engines and motors B. Internal combustion engines

More information

Air-Cooled Engine Technology

Air-Cooled Engine Technology Air-Cooled Engine Technology Air-Cooled Engine Technology Test #1 Review 80 Questions Covers Chapters 1, 2, 4, 5, 22 Careers & Professionalism Tools & Safety Engine Basic Theory &Operation 2 Stroke & 4

More information

SHEILDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) AT/AE MECHANICAL CONTEST

SHEILDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) AT/AE MECHANICAL CONTEST SHEILDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) AT/AE MECHANICAL CONTEST 1. Position two 3 x 6 x ¼ steel plates in the flat position for a butt weld. The weld joint should be 6 long. 2. Select to either bevel the metal

More information

IC ENGINES. Differences between SI and CI engines: Petrol is fuel, which has a high self ignition temperature

IC ENGINES. Differences between SI and CI engines: Petrol is fuel, which has a high self ignition temperature IC ENGINES SI Engines work at constant volume. They have a compression ratio of around 6-10. But CI engines work at constant pressure and has a compression ratio of 16-20. In four stroke engines, one power

More information

Automobile section, showing different parts in detail. and miscellaneous devices.

Automobile section, showing different parts in detail. and miscellaneous devices. SECTION VII Nos. 97 112 Automobile section, showing different parts in detail. and miscellaneous devices. Hydraulic jack MECHANICAL MODELS 43 Section VII 97. Automobile engine starter. This device known

More information

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE

VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR SI ENGINE VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM FOR CI ENGINE Page 1 of 13 EFFECT OF VALVE TIMING DIAGRAM ON VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY: Qu. 1:Why Inlet valve is closed after the Bottom Dead Centre

More information

2. Engine Ignition Types. Worksheet: Engine Classification

2. Engine Ignition Types. Worksheet: Engine Classification 2. Engine Ignition Types Worksheet: Engine Classification There are types of ignition, based on how the fuel is ignited. Spark ignition the fuel mixture is ignited with an electrical spark. (spark plug)

More information

A. Aluminum alloy Aluminum that has other metals mixed with it.

A. Aluminum alloy Aluminum that has other metals mixed with it. ENGINE REPAIR UNIT 1: ENGINE DESIGN LESSON 1: PRINCIPLES OF ENGINE DESIGN I. Terms and definitions A. Aluminum alloy Aluminum that has other metals mixed with it. B. Bearing A device that allows movement

More information

Applied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines

Applied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines Applied Thermodynamics Internal Combustion Engines Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mazlan Abdul Wahid Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia www.fkm.utm.my/~mazlan 1 Coverage Introduction Operation

More information

Task 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below.

Task 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below. Task 4: Read the texts, look at the illustrations and do the activities below. 4 BASIC OPERATIONS The Induction Stroke On the induction stroke, the inlet valve opens and the piston, moving down, creates

More information

Principles of Engine Operation. Information

Principles of Engine Operation. Information Internal Combustion Engines MAK 4070E Principles of Engine Operation Prof.Dr. Cem Soruşbay Istanbul Technical University Information Prof.Dr. Cem Soruşbay İ.T.Ü. Makina Fakültesi Motorlar ve Taşıtlar Laboratuvarı

More information

Template for the Storyboard stage

Template for the Storyboard stage Template for the Storyboard stage Animation can be done in JAVA 2-D. Mention what will be your animation medium: 2D or 3D Mention the software to be used for animation development: JAVA, Flash, Blender,

More information

ABSTRACT. Electronic fuel injection, Microcontroller, CNG, Manifold injection. Manifold injection with uniflow scavenging.

ABSTRACT. Electronic fuel injection, Microcontroller, CNG, Manifold injection. Manifold injection with uniflow scavenging. ABSTRACT Key Words: Electronic fuel injection, Microcontroller, CNG, Manifold injection. Manifold injection with uniflow scavenging. Manifold injection with uniflow stratified scavenging. Direct CNG injection.

More information

Engine Project. These engines are typically used in lawn mowers, snow blowers, go-carts, etc

Engine Project. These engines are typically used in lawn mowers, snow blowers, go-carts, etc Engine Project Your team is going to dissect and assemble a 3.5 HP single cylinder, 4 cycle engine, made by Briggs and Stratton in Milwaukee, Wisconsin These engines are typically used in lawn mowers,

More information

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:- To study about two stroke and four stroke petrol engines. APPARATUS REQUIRED:- Sl.no Name of the apparatus Specification Quant

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:- To study about two stroke and four stroke petrol engines. APPARATUS REQUIRED:- Sl.no Name of the apparatus Specification Quant EXPERIMENT ON TWO STROKE AND FOUR STROKE PETROL ENGINES Prepared By Prof. (Dr.) M. K. Roul Professor and Principal, Gandhi Institute for Technological Advancement (GITA), Bhubaneswar 752054 June 2014 1

More information

Approved by AICTE, Government of India & affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow Department of Mechanical Engineering

Approved by AICTE, Government of India & affiliated to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow Department of Mechanical Engineering Experiment No. - 1 Object: Study and working of four stroke petrol engine. Apparatus Required: S. No. Name of Apparatus Specifications Model of Four stroke petrol engine NA Figure 1: Working of four stroke

More information

Handout Activity: HA185

Handout Activity: HA185 Cylinder heads Handout Activity: HA185 HA185-2 Cylinder head The cylinder head bolts onto the top of the cylinder block where it forms the top of the combustion chamber. It carries the valves and, in many

More information

The Internal combustion engine (Otto Cycle)

The Internal combustion engine (Otto Cycle) The Internal combustion engine (Otto Cycle) The Otto cycle is a set of processes used by spark ignition internal combustion engines (2-stroke or 4-stroke cycles). These engines a) ingest a mixture of fuel

More information

The Four Stroke Cycle

The Four Stroke Cycle 1 Induction As the piston travels down the cylinder it draws filtered air at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature through an air filter and inlet valves into the cylinder. 2 Compression When the

More information

Chapter 2 How the Diesel Aircraft Engine Functions

Chapter 2 How the Diesel Aircraft Engine Functions Chapter 2 How the Diesel Aircraft Engine Functions People who are familiar with the functioning of a gasoline aircraft engine need not have any difficulty in understanding how a high speed Diesel aircraft

More information

Inside a typical car engine. Almost all cars today use a reciprocating internal combustion engine because this engine is:

Inside a typical car engine. Almost all cars today use a reciprocating internal combustion engine because this engine is: Tech Torque HOW PETROL ENGINES WORK The Basics The purpose of a gasoline car engine is to convert gasoline into motion so that your car can move. Currently the easiest way to create motion from gasoline

More information

Design and Fabrication of Compressed air powered Six Stroke Engine

Design and Fabrication of Compressed air powered Six Stroke Engine Design and Fabrication of Compressed air powered Six Stroke Engine Lovin Varghese 1*, T. Savio Jojo 2 Eldhose Paul 3, Ajo Issac John 4, Arun Raphel 5 1,3,4,5 Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical engineering

More information

SIDEWINDER COURSE PREREQUISITE MANUAL

SIDEWINDER COURSE PREREQUISITE MANUAL SIDEWINDER COURSE PREREQUISITE MANUAL The S&S engine class is designed for the seasoned tech or shop owner. A certain level of knowledge and understanding is required for your success. We will be covering

More information

ACTUAL CYCLE. Actual engine cycle

ACTUAL CYCLE. Actual engine cycle 1 ACTUAL CYCLE Actual engine cycle Introduction 2 Ideal Gas Cycle (Air Standard Cycle) Idealized processes Idealize working Fluid Fuel-Air Cycle Idealized Processes Accurate Working Fluid Model Actual

More information

Introduction to Fuel-Air Injection (FAI) Engine. KansLab

Introduction to Fuel-Air Injection (FAI) Engine.   KansLab Introduction to uel-ir Injection (I) Engine kanslab@yahoo.com www.kanslab.com KansLab 1 I Engine is: 1. clean two-stroke engine with fuel and air injections. 2. n air motor with internal combustor. 3.

More information

AME 436. Energy and Propulsion. Lecture 6 Unsteady-flow (reciprocating) engines 1: Basic operating principles, design & performance parameters

AME 436. Energy and Propulsion. Lecture 6 Unsteady-flow (reciprocating) engines 1: Basic operating principles, design & performance parameters AME 436 Energy and Propulsion Lecture 6 Unsteady-flow (reciprocating) engines 1: Basic operating principles, design & performance parameters Outline Classification of unsteady-flow engines Basic operating

More information

Introduction to Fuel-Air Injection Engine. (A discrete structured IC engine) KansLab

Introduction to Fuel-Air Injection Engine. (A discrete structured IC engine) KansLab Introduction to Fuel-Air Injection Engine (A discrete structured IC engine) KansLab 1 Fig. 1: A Fuel-Air Injection (FAI) Engine is: 1) A two-stroke engine with fuel and air injections. 2) A hybrid engine

More information

Internal Combustion Engines

Internal Combustion Engines Internal Combustion Engines Reading Problems 8-3 8-7 8-35, 8-45, 8-52 Definitions 1. spark ignition: a mixture of fuel and air is ignited by a spark plug applications requiring power to about 225 kw (300

More information

Introduction. Internal Combustion Engines

Introduction. Internal Combustion Engines Introduction Internal Combustion Engines Internal Combustion Engines A heat engine that converts chemical energy in a fuel into mechanical energy. Chemical energy first converted into thermal energy (Combustion)

More information

Internal Combustion Engine

Internal Combustion Engine Internal Combustion Engine The development of the internal combustion engine was made possible by the earlier development of the STEAM ENGINE. Both types of engines burn fuel, releasing energy from it

More information

CHECK OUT OUR WEBSITE SOME TIME FOR PLENTY OF ARTICES ABOUT SELF DEFENSE, SURVIVAL, FIREARMS AND MILITARY MANUALS.

CHECK OUT OUR WEBSITE SOME TIME FOR PLENTY OF ARTICES ABOUT SELF DEFENSE, SURVIVAL, FIREARMS AND MILITARY MANUALS. CHECK OUT OUR WEBSITE SOME TIME FOR PLENTY OF ARTICES ABOUT SELF DEFENSE, SURVIVAL, FIREARMS AND MILITARY MANUALS. http://www.survivalebooks.com/ Thank you for purchasing our ebook package. SUBCOURSE EDITION

More information

What is a GLOW engine?

What is a GLOW engine? Micro engines What is a GLOW engine? R/C models get power from various modes. Gliders, for example, do not need a power source other than what nature provides. But they are the exception. Normally all

More information

Lecture 5. Abnormal Combustion

Lecture 5. Abnormal Combustion Lecture 5 Abnormal Combustion Abnormal Combustion The Abnormal Combustion:- When the combustion gets deviated from the normal behavior resulting loss of performance or damage to the engine. It is happened

More information

Internal Combustion Engines

Internal Combustion Engines Engine Cycles Lecture Outline In this lecture we will: Analyse actual air fuel engine cycle: -Stroke cycle -Stroke cycle Compare these cycles to air standard cycles Actual Engine Cycle Although air standard

More information

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION IN SI ENGINES B. PAVAN VISWANADH P. ASHOK KUMAR. Mobile No : Mobile No:

GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION IN SI ENGINES B. PAVAN VISWANADH P. ASHOK KUMAR. Mobile No : Mobile No: GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION IN SI ENGINES SUBMIT TED BY B. PAVAN VISWANADH P. ASHOK KUMAR Y06ME011, III/IV B. Tech Y06ME003, III/IV B. Tech Pavan.visu@gmail.com ashok.me003@gmail.com Mobile No :9291323516

More information

IC ENGINE(4 STROKE) G.H.R.I.E&M JALGAON. Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Mehta chirag Shah sagar Patel jainish talele amit

IC ENGINE(4 STROKE) G.H.R.I.E&M JALGAON. Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Mehta chirag Shah sagar Patel jainish talele amit IC ENGINE(4 STROKE) G.H.R.I.E&M JALGAON Mehta chirag Shah sagar Patel jainish talele amit Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) Sec.(Mech) 9096297071 9028248697 9028913994 8087260063 1 Abstract The four stroke,

More information

MECHANICAL SCIENCE Module 1 Diesel Engine Fundamentals

MECHANICAL SCIENCE Module 1 Diesel Engine Fundamentals Department of Energy Fundamentals Handbook MECHANICAL SCIENCE Module 1 Diesel Engine Fundamentals Diesel Engine Fundamentals DOE-HDBK-1018/1-93 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES... ii

More information

Name Date. True-False. Multiple Choice

Name Date. True-False. Multiple Choice Name Date True-False T F 1. Oil film thickness increases with an increase in oil temperature. T F 2. Displacement is the volume that a piston displaces in an engine when it travels from top dead center

More information

Two Stroke Engines Snowmobile Engines Disassembly

Two Stroke Engines Snowmobile Engines Disassembly Name: Two Stroke Engines Snowmobile Engines Disassembly Objectives: The Student Will Be Able To: 1. Appreciate teaching methods and safety practices used in the small engine disassembly/assembly; 2. Properly

More information

SIX STROKE ENGINE ARRANGEMENT

SIX STROKE ENGINE ARRANGEMENT 175 Military Technical College Kobry El-Kobbah, Cairo, Egypt. 15 th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering. SIX STROKE ENGINE ARRANGEMENT M. M. Gasim *, L. G. Chui **

More information

A. Perform a vacuum gauge test to determine engine condition and performance.

A. Perform a vacuum gauge test to determine engine condition and performance. ENGINE REPAIR UNIT 2: ENGINE DIAGNOSIS, REMOVAL, AND INSTALLATION LESSON 2: ENGINE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS NOTE: Testing the engine s mechanical condition is required when the cause of a problem is not located

More information

Bthird, or power stroke by the expanding gases. As the

Bthird, or power stroke by the expanding gases. As the third, or power stroke by the expanding gases. As the piston reaches DC it enters the fourth cycle. The exhaust valve opens and the piston rises forcing burned gases from the combustion chamber in what

More information

CONVENTIONAL ENGINE CONSTRUCTION

CONVENTIONAL ENGINE CONSTRUCTION CONVENTIONAL ENGINE CONSTRUCTION CYLINDER BLOCKS, HEADS, AND CRANKCASES The cylinder, or the engine block, is the basic foundation of virtually all liquid-cooled engines. The block is a solid casting made

More information

This fuel can be mixed with gasoline or burned by itself. At the present time this fuel is not

This fuel can be mixed with gasoline or burned by itself. At the present time this fuel is not This fuel can be mixed with gasoline or burned by itself. At the present time this fuel is not widely available. 2 3.0 ENGINE OPERATION The operation of UAV engines essentially lies in the classification

More information

Diesel Engine Fundamentals Part 2 Course# ME406

Diesel Engine Fundamentals Part 2 Course# ME406 Diesel Engine Fundamentals Part 2 Course# ME406 EZpdh.com All Rights Reserved Diesel Engine Fundamentals DOE-HDBK-1018/1-93 DIESEL ENGINES Air Intake System Because a diesel engine requires close tolerances

More information

NONRESIDENT TRAINING COURSE

NONRESIDENT TRAINING COURSE NONRESIDENT TRAINING COURSE February 1994 Basic Machines NAVEDTRA 14037 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Although the words he, him, and his are used sparingly

More information

AME 436. Energy and Propulsion. Lecture 6 Unsteady-flow (reciprocating) engines 1: Basic operating principles, design & performance parameters

AME 436. Energy and Propulsion. Lecture 6 Unsteady-flow (reciprocating) engines 1: Basic operating principles, design & performance parameters AME 436 Energy and Propulsion Lecture 6 Unsteady-flow (reciprocating) engines 1: Basic operating principles, design & performance parameters Outline Classification of unsteady-flow engines Basic operating

More information

Kul Internal Combustion Engine Technology. Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5

Kul Internal Combustion Engine Technology. Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5 Kul-14.4100 Internal Combustion Engine Technology Definition & Classification, Characteristics 2015 Basshuysen 1,2,3,4,5 Definitions Combustion engines convert the chemical energy of fuel to mechanical

More information

unit 10 lubricating systems

unit 10 lubricating systems FUEL TANK unit 10 lubricating systems An engine needs oil between its moving parts. The oil keeps the parts from rubbing on each other. When the parts do not rub on each other they do not wear out as quickly.

More information

CH. 48 ENGINE MECHANICAL PROBLEMS TEST

CH. 48 ENGINE MECHANICAL PROBLEMS TEST TERRY FOX AUTOMOTIVE CH. 48 ENGINE MECHANICAL PROBLEMS TEST WHEN YOU ARE DONE THIS TEST GUESS WHAT YOU THINK YOU WILL RECEIVE FOR A MARK BELOW. IF YOU ARE WITHIN 2 MARKS YOU WILL RECEIVE 2 BONUS MARKS.

More information

This engine is certified to operate on regular 87 octane unleaded fuel (R+M)/2 Idle Speed (in gear): 650 RPM. Timing: Idle: 4-8 ATDC WOT:28 BTDC

This engine is certified to operate on regular 87 octane unleaded fuel (R+M)/2 Idle Speed (in gear): 650 RPM. Timing: Idle: 4-8 ATDC WOT:28 BTDC FUEL SYSTEMS 3 E Emission Control Information This engine conforms to 1998 Model Year U.S. EPA regulations for marine SI engines. Refer to Owners Manual for required maintenance. Exhaust Emission Control

More information

State of the Art (SOTA) Manual for Internal Combustion Engines

State of the Art (SOTA) Manual for Internal Combustion Engines State of the Art (SOTA) Manual for Internal Combustion Engines July 1997 State of New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Air Quality Permitting Program State of the Art (SOTA) Manual for Internal

More information

THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4.

THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4. THE FOUR STROKE CYCLE BUT HOW DOES IT WORK EXACTLY? WE KNOW ABOUT:- WHICH WE KNOW AS:- LET S LOOK IN MORE DETAIL 1. INDUCTION SUCK 2. COMPRESSION 3. COMBUSTION 4. EXHAUST SQUEEZE BANG BLOW Inlet valve

More information

T erm STI2D. The process by which a car works is a lot simpler than you may think. When a driver turns a key in the ignition:

T erm STI2D. The process by which a car works is a lot simpler than you may think. When a driver turns a key in the ignition: 1. How a car engine Works The process by which a car works is a lot simpler than you may think. When a driver turns a key in the ignition: The car battery powers up sending Power to the starter motor,

More information

Carburetor Instructions

Carburetor Instructions Carburetor Instructions for HUDSON SUPER SIX ESSEX SIX CYLINDER Hudson Motor Car Co. DETROIT, U.S.A. Carburetor The carburetor is a device for metering correct amounts of fuel and air for the various

More information

Intake and Exhaust System, Design and Function

Intake and Exhaust System, Design and Function Volvo Trucks North America Greensboro, NC USA DService Bulletin Trucks Date Group No. Page 12.2006 250 34 1(6) Intake and Exhaust System Design and Function D13F Intake and Exhaust System, Design and Function

More information

WEEK 4 Dynamics of Machinery

WEEK 4 Dynamics of Machinery WEEK 4 Dynamics of Machinery References Theory of Machines and Mechanisms, J.J.Uicker, G.R.Pennock ve J.E. Shigley, 2003 Prof.Dr.Hasan ÖZTÜRK 1 DYNAMICS OF RECIPROCATING ENGINES Prof.Dr.Hasan ÖZTÜRK The

More information

HAYNES ASSEMBLY MANUAL

HAYNES ASSEMBLY MANUAL Age range 10+ HAYNES ASSEMBLY MANUAL HM04R Haynes Build Your Own Internal Combustion Engine HM04R Haynes Build Your Own Internal Combustion Engine Kit Haynes Publishing 2015 All rights reserved. No part

More information

Timing is everything with internal combustion engines By: Bernie Thompson

Timing is everything with internal combustion engines By: Bernie Thompson Timing is everything with internal combustion engines By: Bernie Thompson As one goes through life, it is said that timing is everything. In the case of the internal combustion engine, this could not be

More information

THE NEW MULTI-BILLION DOLLAR ENGINE: WHY THE EXPERTS

THE NEW MULTI-BILLION DOLLAR ENGINE: WHY THE EXPERTS THE NEW MULTI-BILLION DOLLAR ENGINE: WHY THE EXPERTS ARE SO EXCITED! The Counterpoise Bi-Radial Engine Will Cause A Revolution In Engine Building. An explanation from the Chief Science Officer. ebook The

More information

ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADETS PROFICIENCY LEVEL TWO INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 3 EO M EXPLAIN THE CYCLES OF A FOUR-STROKE PISTON-POWERED ENGINE

ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADETS PROFICIENCY LEVEL TWO INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 3 EO M EXPLAIN THE CYCLES OF A FOUR-STROKE PISTON-POWERED ENGINE ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADETS PROFICIENCY LEVEL TWO INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 3 EO M232.03 EXPLAIN THE CYCLES OF A FOUR-STROKE PISTON-POWERED ENGINE Total Time: 60 min PREPARATION PRE-LESSON INSTRUCTIONS

More information

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 1 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DIVISON OF THERMAL AND ENERGY CONVERSION By Desta Lemma (BSc, MSc) Introduction

More information

CHECK OUT OUR WEBSITE SOME TIME FOR PLENTY OF ARTICES ABOUT SELF DEFENSE, SURVIVAL, FIREARMS AND MILITARY MANUALS.

CHECK OUT OUR WEBSITE SOME TIME FOR PLENTY OF ARTICES ABOUT SELF DEFENSE, SURVIVAL, FIREARMS AND MILITARY MANUALS. CHECK OUT OUR WEBSITE SOME TIME FOR PLENTY OF ARTICES ABOUT SELF DEFENSE, SURVIVAL, FIREARMS AND MILITARY MANUALS. http://www.survivalebooks.com/ Thank you for purchasing our ebook package. US ARMY LIGHT

More information

Vacuum Readings for Tuning and Diagnosis

Vacuum Readings for Tuning and Diagnosis Vacuum Readings for Tuning and Diagnosis -Henry P. Olsen Once you learn to properly interpret its readings, a vacuum gauge can be one of the most useful tools in your toolbox. 22 FEATURE Some people consider

More information

The trunk piston arrangement cannot be made double-acting as the connecting rod is in the way of the centre line of the piston. In order to obtain a double-acting engine, MacLagan arranged to extend the

More information

Internal Combustion Engines

Internal Combustion Engines Introduction Lecture 1 1 Outline In this lecture we will learn about: Definition of internal combustion Development of the internal combustion engine Different engine classifications We will also draw

More information

Al- Ameen Engg. College. Fluid Machines. Prepared by: AREEF A AP/ ME AL AMEEN ENGINEERING COLLEGE Shoranur.

Al- Ameen Engg. College. Fluid Machines. Prepared by: AREEF A AP/ ME AL AMEEN ENGINEERING COLLEGE Shoranur. Fluid Machines Prepared by: AREEF A AP/ ME AL AMEEN ENGINEERING COLLEGE Shoranur Classification of hydraulic machines HYDROULIC MACHINES (I) Hydraulic Turbines A hydraulic machine which converts hydraulic

More information