WHEELS & TYRES SECTION GJ. General Description GJ.1 2. Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) GJ.2 2. Wheels GJ.3 6. Wheel Bolts GJ.4 7. Tyres GJ.

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1 WHEELS & TYRES SECTION GJ Sub-Section Page General Description GJ.1 2 Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) GJ.2 2 Wheels GJ.3 6 Wheel Bolts GJ.4 7 Tyres GJ.5 8 Winter Tyres & Snow Chains GJ.6 9 Punctured Tyre Emergency Inflator GJ.7 10 Page 1

2 GJ.1 - GENERAL DESCRIPTION The single piece, light alloy roadwheels are factory fitted with tyres engineered to provide the optimum balance of ride and handling characteristics. In order fully to exploit the dynamic qualities and packaging opportunities, the wheel and tyre sizes are different front and rear, so that interchanging of wheels and tyres between axles is not permissible. Note that the tyre tread pattern is asymetric across the width, with the sidewalls marked 'side facing inwards' or 'side facing outwards', but the tyre may rotate in either direction. The tyres should be inspected frequently by the vehicle user, and also at every service, for signs of cuts, abrasions or other damage, and for any uneven tread wear patterns. Uneven treadwear may indicate that the suspension geometry or dampers require attention. Care should be taken when parking to avoid tyre contact with high or sharp edged kerbs, as mistreatment of this nature can cause internal damage to the tyre structure which may not readily be apparent. The alloy wheel rims may also be distorted or damaged by careless parking, and result in wheel imbalance or loss of tyre pressure. Safety considerations should always be paramount when assessing tyre condition and serviceability, and the tyres replaced if any doubt exists, or if the legal tread depth limits are approached. The cold tyre pressures should be checked every week, or every 1,000 miles (1,700 km), whichever is the sooner, and corrections made as necessary. Under inflation will cause excessive wear, rapid deterioration of the tyre sidewalls and heavy steering, whereas overinflation results in a hard ride and increased susceptibility to tyre damage. Both conditions will cause a degradation in the vehicle handling qualities. It is important that the tyre pressures are adjusted only when the tyres are cold (driven less than one mile), as the pressures may increase by bar (4 8 lb/in²) when the tyres are warmed to normal running temperature. The tyre valve dust cap should always be replaced in order to prevent the ingress of dirt and moisture into the valve, which could cause leakage. When balancing the wheel and tyre assemblies, the wheels should be located by the centre spigot NOT by the wheel bolt holes. In order to maintain the correct handling feel and minimum steering wheel shake, it is very important that the radial and lateral run out of the tyres are to the high standard required by Lotus Cars. If any difficulty is experienced with replacement tyres, refer to the tyre manufacturer. The Pirelli P-Zero & Corsa tyres fitted to the Evora are suitable for all normal weather conditions. The tyre characteristics include good feedback ( feel ) from the road surface to the steering wheel, a high level of steering linearity and response, and little performance degradation with the high temperatures which may be reached in sports use. However, tyre performance will decrease at low ambient temperatures, resulting in reduced levels of grip and an increased susceptibility to damage from impacts. In these conditions, especially below -7 C, it is recommended to fit a car set of the recommended winter tyres, see sub-section GJ.6 for further information. Page 2

3 GJ.2 - TYRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM (tpms) - Where fitted A sensor incorporated into each of the tyre valves, monitors the air pressure inside the tyre, and supplies an onboard control module located on the LH rear wheelarch with this data by radio transmission. Tyre pressure information is displayed in the instrument cluster right hand screen. A silhouette of the vehicle showing each wheel, will display all four tyre pressures for one minute following ignition switch on. If any tyre pressure should fall below 75% of the recommended value, an alert message is sent to the instrument panel, and the tyre pressure tell tale will light up amber. The corresponding tyre on the silhouette will be highlighted and the pressure displayed. If this warning should occur, the car should be stopped as soon as it is safely possible, and the affected tyre examined. If there is no visible damage and a tyre pump is available, the pressure should be corrected (see below), before proceeding with caution to a tyre repair/replacement facility. Note that the tell tale will automatically be extinguished when the correct pressure is restored. If the tyre is punctured, or no inflation equipment is available, use of the emergency tyre inflator aerosol (see below) should be considered, whilst being aware that the TPMS sensor in the tyre would be disabled by the sealing fluid, and would subsequently require replacement. The TPMS incorporates self-malfunction recognition, and if a fault is detected, the low tyre pressure tell tale in the instrument panel will flash for one minute, and then remain constantly lit, this sequence being repeated for subsequent ignition cycles; with the tell tale flashing or lit, there may be no detection of low tyre pressure. When removing or replacing a tyre, be aware that the tyre valve includes a pressure transducer and should not be discarded. Take care not to damage the sensor with the tyre bead or tools. If a fault is indicated after wheel or tyre replacement, it is likely that a sensor has been incorrectly fitted or damaged. If a tyre valve/sensor is renewed, or is moved to a different wheel position, the TPMS will automatically identify the new configuration by interpreting signal strength as distance from sensor to receiver. Note that the pressure sensors are powered by integral batteries, with an average service life of 10 years. It is recommended to renew all pressure sensors at this time interval. TPMS fault codes On detection of a fault, the TPMS integrated diagnostics will set an appropriate code which may be read using the Lotus Techcentre: C0550 C0551 C0558 C075A C075B C075C C075D C0777 C0800 U2103 TPMS ECU Failure TPMS Module not programmed with Vehicle Configuration TPMS Vehicle Sensor ID's not programmed TPMS Pressure Sensor LF Malfunction / Battery Low / Broken Shock Sensor TPMS Pressure Sensor RF Malfunction / Battery Low / Broken Shock Sensor TPMS Pressure Sensor LR Malfunction / Battery Low / Broken Shock Sensor TPMS Pressure Sensor RR Malfunction / Battery Low / Broken Shock Sensor TPMS Sensor Autolocation Failed TPMS Module Supply Voltage Below 9V / Above 18V TPMS Communications Malfunction In the first instance, the car should be driven gently at 40 mph in order to optimise conditions for sensor recognition. If the fault persists, the following action should be considered: 550/551/558 most likely a TPMS module problem; renew 75A/B/C/D most likely a pressure sensor; renew 777 Most likely the module but could be a rogue sensor 800 Check supply voltage and ground connection U2103 Could be module, CAN cable connection or engine T4e controller Page 3

4 Tyre and TPMS Transmitter Removal Recommendations The following steps are recommended to prevent accidentally damaging a TPMS sensor during tyre removal as well as ensuring its continued accurate pressure monitoring and air tight sealing against the wheel rim. TPMS Transmitter/Tyre Removal: To prevent damaging the sensor during the tyre removal process it is recommended to release the transmitter from the wheel rim before breaking the tyre bead or removing the tyre from the wheel rim Remove the valve core and release the air from the tyre. Using a suitable deep socket, remove the conical seal nut from the TPMS transmitter valve stem. Gently bounce the tyre to ensure that the transmitter falls to the bottom of the wheel/tyre assembly. When breaking the wheel/tyre bead ensuring TPMS transmitter is to the bottom of the assembly and away from the tyre changing machines bead breaking arm. Using the tyre changing machine, remove the tyre from the rim in the normal manner. The TPMS transmitter can then be safely removed from the tyre. TPMS Transmitter/Tyre Refitment: Replacement TPMS transmitters are supplied with a new conical valve stem seal (go straight to step 3), but if the original transmitter is to be refitted then the valve stem seal must be renewed to ensure continued air tight sealing between the valve stem to wheel rim Remove old conical seal using pliers to squeeze the seal away from the valve stem, cut it and then remove from the seal. Fit a new seal by placing it on the end of the valve stem, then, using the open end of a Schrader core screwdriver or other suitable tool, push the seal onto the base of the TPMS transmitter stem. From the inside of the wheel rim, place the transmitter valve into wheel rim valve hole. 4. Place one side of the seal (top side of the transmitter case as seen from above) in contact with the valve hole. Stem seal Wheel rim Page 4

5 5. Push the rear of the transmitter case to twist the seal into the valve hole. The seal will snap into the hole when it is correctly position Fit the conical seal hut onto the valve stem thread and tighten until it touches the wheel rim. Holding the rear of the transmitter case and using a suitable deep socket tighten the conical seal nut (torque 7.5Nm). Note: to ensure that the conical nut is torqued correctly so producing an air tight seal between the valve stem and wheel rim it is essential not to push on top of the transmitter cars or lift it up whilst tightening the conical valve nut. When refitting the tyre on the wheel rim, ensure that the transmitter is placed ahead of the bead fitment arm to prevent potentially damaging the transmitter case during refitment. Valve Core Replacement If replacing the valve core ensure that only an electroless nickel plated core is fitted. Using a plain brass core may cause galvanic corrosion occurring between the core and the aluminium valve stem causing eventual loss of tyre pressure. Valve Cap Replacement Only plastic valve caps should be fitted to a TPMS tyre valve. The fitment of a metal cap may cause galvanic corrosion between the metal cap and the stem of the aluminium valve. The resulting damage caused to the valve whilst trying to remove the corroded cap could also cause a TPMS system failure. Page 5

6 GJ.3 - WHEELS Standard wheels on the Lotus Evora are Lotus styled, cast alloy, 10-spoke arranged in pairs, silver or grey painted, in sizes of 8.0J x 18 front, and 9.5J x19 rear. Optional forged alloy wheels are Lotus styled with 10 equally spaced radial spokes, but are otherwise similar. At the introduction of the supercharged Evora S, Front 19 Rear 20 Forged alloy Diamond Cut machine faced Design wheels were also made available. Each wheel is located by a central spigot and secured by five bolts, four of which have a spline socket head, and one with a security coded head. A splined extension tool and a coded adaptor are supplied with the vehicle and require a 17mm hex. socket, square drive extension and a torque wrench. Technical Data Type - std Cast alloy, 10 spokes in pairs, silver or grey, 5-bolt fixing. - option.1 Forged alloy, 10 radial spokes, silver or grey, 5-bolt fixing. - option.2 Forged alloy, anthracite, gloss black or stealth grey finish with diamond cut machine finish on the 10 radial spokes Size - std. & option.1 - front 8.0J x 18H2 ET52 - rear 9.5J x 19H2 ET69 Size Inset Inset - option.2 - front 8.0J x 19H2 ET55 - rear 9.5J x 20H2 ET69 - std. & option.1 - front + 52 mm - rear + 69 mm - option.2 - front + 55 mm - rear + 69 mm PCD mm Wheel bolts - thread M12 x 1.5 x 26 mm - torque 105 Nm - seat 60 taper Centre spigot hole diameter 68 mm Radial run-out at bead seat 0.3 mm max. Lateral run-out at bead seat 0.3 mm max. Weights - Front cast alloy kg - Rear cast alloy kg - Front forged alloy 9.50 kg - Rear forged alloy kg Note that the inset figure is the displacement of the wheelrim centreline relative to the wheel/ hub mounting face. A positive inset indicates that the wheelrim centreline lies inboard of the wheel mounting face, whereas a negative inset means the wheelrim centreline is outboard of the mounting face. INSIDE face of wheel Wheelrim centreline Inset (positive shown) OUTSIDE face of wheel Wheel mounting face g02 Page 6

7 GJ.4 - wheel bolts The wheel bolts used are of a special design to suit the small diameter fixing tunnels in the wheel centres. The bolts have an M12 x1.5 thread, 60 conical seat, and a 10 spline socket head for which a special extension tool is supplied with the car. Standard wheelbolt Splined extension tool A 17 mm a/f deep socket and 1/2 inch square drive torque wrench should be applied to the extension tool, with a tightening torque of 105 Nm required. Coded wheelbolt Coded adaptor 17mm socket, extension & torque wrench ohs114d To protect against wheel theft, one of the five bolts securing each wheel is key coded, and requires a correspondingly coded adaptor tool. Fit the adaptor tool onto a 1/2 inch square drive extension, and rotate the adaptor until until full engagement into the bolt head is assured before applying torque. Note that an alignment mark is provided on the coded bolt head and adaptor tool to aid refitting. The spline drive extension and the coded adaptor tool are stowed in the vehicle tool pouch, and should remain with the car at all times to allow servicing or repairs to be performed. Page 7

8 GJ.5 - TYRES The Pirelli P-Zero tyres fitted to the Evora are standard production tyres suitable for all normal weather conditions. The tyre characteristics include good feedback ( feel ) from the road surface to the steering wheel, a high level of steering linearity and response, and little performance degradation with the raised temperatures which may be reached in high speed use. At the introduction of the supercharged Evora S, Pirelli P-Zero Corsa Front 19 Rear 20 tyres were introduced to fit on the diamond cut Front 19 Rear 20 wheels. These tyres are bespoke to Lotus with a specially formulated compound which can be identified with an LS marking on sidewall. Like the standard Pirelli P-Zero tyres these are suitable for all normal weather conditions, but are only available through the Lotus Cars Aftersales Department. Tyre performance will decrease at low ambient temperatures, resulting in reduced levels of grip and an increased susceptibility to damage from impacts. In these conditions, especially where average temperatures are below 0 C (32 F), or where snow may be expected, it is recommended to fit a car set of the recommended winter tyres, see sub-section GJ.6 for additional information. Note that the Pirelli P-Zero tread pattern is asymetrical, so that when fitting tyres, attention must be paid to the sidewall marking, and the side of the car for which the wheel and tyre is intended. Wear indicators are moulded into the bottom of the tread grooves at intervals around the tyre, indicated by small pointers on the outer tread blocks. The tyres should be replaced before being worn to this minimum legal tread depth. Outboard tread pattern Inboard tread pattern g23 Tyre type Pirelli P-Zero Size - front 225/40 ZR18 - rear 255/35 ZR19 Pressure (cold) - normal driving conditions - front 2.3 bar (33.5 psi) - rear 2.5 bar (36 psi) - high loads and/or speed - front 2.8 bar (40.5 psi) - rear 3.0 bar (43.5 psi) Tyre type Pirelli P-Zero Corsa Size - front 235/35 ZR19 - rear 275/30 ZR20 Pressure (cold) - normal driving conditions - front 2.4 bar (35 psi) - rear 2.6 bar (38 psi) - high loads and/or speed - front 2.8 bar (40.5 psi) - rear 3.0 bar (43.5 psi) Page 8

9 GJ.6 - WINTER TYRES & SNOW CHAINS If the car is to be used in very cold climates, or driven on snow covered roads, it is recommended to fit a complete vehicle set of winter tyres developed specifically for such conditions. For the Evora, Lotus recommends the use of Yokohama W.drive V-902 winter tyres in sizes specified below. Wear indicators are moulded into the bottom of the tread grooves at intervals around the tyre, indicated by small pointers on the outer tread blocks. In order that these tyres maintain their design performance on snow covered roads, the minimum tread depth is designated as 4 mm, which is reflected in the height of a secondary set of wear indicators. Note that the W.drive tread pattern is asymetrical, so that when fitting tyres, attention must be paid to the sidewall marking, and the side of the car for which the wheel and tyre is intended. Winter Tyres - type Yokohama W.drive V size - front 215/40 R18 - rear 245/35 R19 Pressure (cold) - front 2.3 bar (33.5 lb/in²) - rear 2.5 bar (36 lb/in²) WARNING: - When winter tyres are fitted, a maximum speed of 118 mph (190 km/h) must be observed. - The tyres are NOT suitable for studding. Snow Chains In extreme weather conditions, Lotus approves the fitment of RUD-matic DISC snow chains (Lotus part number A132G6004F), used only in conjunction with winter tyres (see above) and fitted only on the rear wheels. Close attention should be paid to the fitting and tensioning instructions supplied with the chains. The chains should be removed as soon as road conditions allow. Page 9

10 GJ.7 - PUNCTURED TYRE EMERGENCY INFLATOR (If fitted) In order fully to exploit the benefits of light weight, and to maximise stowage space, the Evora has no provision for spare wheel carriage or lifting jack. A temporary puncture sealing facility is provided in the form of an emergency tyre inflator aerosol mounted in a spring clip at the extreme right hand side of the boot. If possible, avoid driving on a deflated tyre, or irreparable damage to the tyre structure may be caused. When the aerosol is connected to the tyre valve, and the button pressed, a mixture of liquid latex and propellant is injected into the tyre, such that the solidifying latex is forced into the puncture site at the same time as the tyre is inflated, effecting a temporary repair and enabling the car to be driven at low speed to the nearest tyre depot. TYRE EMERGENCY INFLATOR AEROSOL ohe42 WARNING: - Use of the aerosol does not constitute a permanent repair, but is designed to allow the car to be driven to the nearest tyre depot. At the earliest opportunity, the tyre should be professionally repaired or replaced dependent on the severity of the damage. - Until the tyre is repaired or replaced, the car should be driven only in a moderate manner, not exceeding 30 mph (45 km/h). - Do not use the aerosol for large holes or repairs, or when the tyre sidewall has been damaged, or if the tyre has been displaced from the rim. - For safety reasons, the aerosol should be carried at all times in the designated stowage position. Never carry in the passenger compartment. As soon as a puncture is suspected, the car should be stopped at the first safe opportunity. Continued driving on a deflated tyre will cause irreparable damage to the tyre. Directions for use of the aerosol: Before using, carefully read all the instructions on the canister, or on any literature accompanying the product. The following instructions apply to the use of Holts Tyreweld: 1. Remove the object causing the puncture, and position the wheel with the puncture site lowermost. Deflate tyre fully. 2. Shake the can vigorously. In cold conditions, warm the can using the car's heater outlets, or by body warmth. 3. Screw the aerosol tube onto the tyre valve, remove the cap, hold the can upright and press the button until the tyre is firmly inflated. 4. Immediately drive for 6-12 miles (10-20 km) (or to the tyre depot if nearer) in a moderate manner and not exceeding 30 mph (45 km/h), to allow the sealant to spread. Then check and adjust the tyre pressure. 5. Have the tyre professionally repaired or replaced at the earliest opportunity, and until such time, limit speed to 30 mph (45 km/h) with a moderate driving manner. Note that some tyre repairers may make an additional charge for cleaning the sealant off the tyre before repair, and that any subsequent repairs may not be guaranteed. Be aware that the electronic pressure sensor mounted inside the tyre and integral with the tyre valve, could be obstructed by the sealant, and should be renewed. 6. Renew the emergency inflator aerosol. Page 10

Lotus Service Notes Section GH

Lotus Service Notes Section GH WHEELS & TYRES SECTION GH Sub-Section Page General Description GH.1 2 Wheels GH.2 2 Tyres GH.3 4 Winter Tyres & Snow Chains GH.4 5 Punctured Tyre Emergency Inflator GH.5 6 Page 1 GH.1 - GENERAL DESCRIPTION