Simulation of Axial Piston Pumps using MSC.ADAMS

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1 Simulation of Axial Piston Pumps using MSC.ADAMS Dipl.-Ing. Michael Deeken, Project Engineer Institute for Fluid Power Drives and Controls (IFAS) RWTH Aachen University

2 Structure Applications and Function of Axial Piston Units Problem of high Friction in tribological contacts Solving problem with user subroutine and GFORCE statement Simulation examples Piston Bushing contact Valve plate cylinder box Using Customization Conclusion

3 Applications of Axial Piston Pumps and Motors Mobile Crane Excavator Tunneling Aerospace Material Handling Wheel Loader

4 Function of axial piston units Tribological Contacts Piston-Bushing Slipper-Swash Plate Slipper-Piston Valve Plate- Cylinder Block α F gl F k F r F p I II III IV

5 Animation Function

6 Piston Load F A F k = -F p F p α F gl F k F r A k D k Schrägscheibe Gleitschuh Kolben F B Kolbentrommel Swash Plate Slipper Piston Cylinder Block

7 Simulation Model Piston Bushing Planar joint connects Slipper and swash plate Spherical Joint connects Piston and Slipper GFORCE connects Piston and Bushing Piston has 5 degrees of freedom Revolute joint connects Swash plate or Bushing and ground Planar joint Spherical Joint CM Marker Piston SFORCE Pressure

8 Simulation Model Piston Bushing Friction Force on Piston Radial Force to keep the piston in a eccentric position

9 Simulation principle Mainprogram ADAMS Function: Solving Differentialequation for mechanics Velocity Displacement Forces, Torques coupled Simulation Dynamic Link Library (dll) Function: Solving Reynoldsequations for rough surfaces DSHplus Function: Solving Differentialequations for hydraulic

10 Calculation principle for tribological contacts MBS-Program Calculation: Displacement Velocity Calculation: Pressure Distribution User-Subroutine: Calculation of Piston forces Class: Gap type of Squared or Polar coordinates Calculation: Force Torque Leakage Calculation: Shear stress

11 Algorithm for the Calculation Input values are velocity and displacement between Piston and Bushing Builds a calculation grid on the surface of the piston Uses Gauss Seidel to solve the Reynolds equations Integrate Pressure to Forces Input values Discretization of calculation grid y x x Gauss-Seidel Iteration method ( m+ 1) ( m) ( m+ 1) = x + α x α α = 2 pda + F= τda Q = qda Output values

12 Simulation results Piston Bushing Contact Friction Force Piston Friction Force between Piston and Bushing Displacement Piston Friction Force [kn] Friction Force Piston Angle [ ] Displacement Piston Displacement in x-direction Displacement in y-direction Displacement [mm] Angle [ ]

13 Pressure Distribution Piston ϕ=0 ϕ=45 ϕ=305 ϕ=90 phd pnd ϕ=270 ϕ=135 ϕ=225 ϕ=180

14 Simulation Model Valve Plate Cylinder Block Cylindrical Joint and Spherical Joint connects Drive Shaft and Cylinder Block Motion for Cylindrical Joint GFORCE connects Ground (Valve Plate) and Cylinder Block SFORCEs are Load for Cylinder Block Cylindrical Joint Spherical Joint SFORCE Suction Pressure Drive Shaft SFORCE High Pressure Ground GFORCE

15 Hydrodynamic Effects Cylinder Block Valve Plate Contact F An v y τ v τ p τ p τ v F Ab Cylinder Cylinder Block v y p n p 1 p n. ϕ x z x y Kidney Valve Plate Valve Plate

16 Displacement & Reaction Force

17 Simulation Results Valve Plate Cylinder Block Contact Displacement Cylinder Displacement Measurement between a Marker on ground and a Marker on Cylinder Block Zylinder is applied with high Pressure, displacement decreases Displacement [mm] Displacement Cylinder Block Angle [ ] Displacement 300bar Displacement 200bar

18 Customization in MSC.ADAMS Customization leads to a self building model of one contact Input parameters are design values, like Piston diameter Available for the 4 contacts and a complete unit

19 Conclusion Using GFORCE Statement to calculate a hydrodynamic contact force GFORCE Subroutine calls functions, stored in a dynamic-link-library Functions in dll solves Reynolds equations Customization leads to an easy-to-use-solution for the model building

20 Contact Details EMEA Simulation of Axial Piston Pumps using MSC.ADAMS Dipl.-Ing. Michael Deeken Institute for Fluid Power Drives and Controls RWTH Aachen University Project Engineer

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