Property of American Airlines

Transcription

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2 Section 2. Operation 1. GENERAL FOR EMERGENCY OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS REFER TO CHAPTER 1, SECTION 3. This section contains instructions for operation of the B350. A discussion of the principles of operation is given to aid in understanding vehicle operation. The operator must use approved procedures for approaching, attaching to, towing, pushing, and departing from aircraft. These procedures should be approved by the airline, the local aviation authority, and based on the recommendations of the aircraft manufacturer. BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO OPERATE OR MAINTAIN THE VEHICLE, COMPLETELY READ AND UNDERSTAND THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL, INCLUDING ALL DANGER, AND CAUTION STATEMENTS. 2. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Before operating the vehicle, the operator should read this manual and become completely familiarized with the vehicle. Learn how the vehicle is operated. Know the location and function of all controls and switches, gauges and indicators, and warning and safety devices before operating the vehicle. Always perform the daily maintenance checks. If you detect any problem during the daily inspection, DO NOT operate the vehicle until the problem is corrected. Proper maintenance is necessary to ensure the maximum performance of your vehicle. Follow the correct starting, warm-up, operating, stopping and parking procedures. Remember, it only takes one unsafe action to cause an accident that could result in damage, injury or death. Follow safety rules and regulations for building a safe working environment. Never tamper with any safety device. These safety devices are equipped to protect the operator and passengers. These safety devices include audio warning alarms, inhibit protection features, indicator warning lights, etc. AT THE BEGINNING OF EACH SHIFT ENSURE THAT ALL SCHEDULED SERVICES HAVE BEEN PERFORMED, INCLUDING VERIFICATION OF TIRE CONDITION, FUEL AND FLUID LEVELS, AND OVERALL CHECK FOR LOOSE OR MISSING HARDWARE AND GENERAL CONDITION OF THE VEHICLE. OPERATION Page 1

3 APPLY THE PARKING BRAKE AND TURN OFF THE IGNITION SWITCH BEFORE LEAVING THE VEHICLE UNATTENDED. AN OBSERVER ON THE GROUND SHOULD BE USED TO AID THE OPERATOR WHEN DRIVING THE VEHICLE IN REVERSE. 3. OPERATOR S CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS The vehicle operating controls are located within the operator s cab. Procedures using the equipment are covered in OPERATION PROCEDURES within this section. Refer to Chapter 1, Section 4, Specifications for operation range, fuel type, capacities, and equipment information. Also, refer to Chapter 2, Section 4, Maintenance Specifications for recommended hydraulic oil, lubricants, and mechanical, hydraulic, and electrical settings. A. DRIVER S CAB OPERATING CONTROLS REFER TO FIGURE 1. (1) Dashboard Panel This panel contains controls, instruments, and indicators. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3. (2) Steering Wheel Rotating the steering wheel clockwise turns the vehicle to the right, and rotating the steering wheel counterclockwise turns the vehicle to the left. (3) USB Charging Outlet Dual 5-volt DC USB 2.0 charging connectors (female). (4) Turn Signal, Horn, and High Beam Lever Switch Lever is mounted to the right of the steering column. Refer to Figure 4. (5) Accelerator Pedal Mounted to the right of the driver s console. Depressing or releasing the pedal increases or decreases speed of the power unit through electrical actuation. (6) Service Brake Pedal Depressing the brake pedal regulates hydraulic pressure through the brake control valve from the hydraulic accumulators to provide braking force to stop the vehicle. (7) Parking Brake Foot Pedal and Pull Handle The parking brake is foot actuated. Depress the foot pedal to apply the parking brake, and pull the handle to disengage it. The parking brake warning light in the instruments and control panel will illuminate whenever the parking brake is applied. Page 2 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

4 Attempting to select a gear other than Neutral while the parking brake is applied will result in an audible alarm. (8) Direction of Travel and Transmission Gear Selector Mounted to the left side of the steering column. Refer to Figure B. OTHER CONTROLS AND DEVICES Figure 1 DRIVER S CONSOLE (1) Seat Adjustment Levers - Pull-lever located under the front of the seat adjusts the seat forward and backward. Releasing the lever will lock the seat into position. (2) Drive-in-reverse Audible Alarm - Actuates when the transmission shift lever is placed in reverse gear. The alarm alerts that the vehicle is moving backwards. (3) Transmission Shift Lever Interlocks - Refer to E. COLUMN GEAR SHIFT AND LIGHTS LEVER SWITCHES. (a) F N R Neutral Safety Switch - The safety switch prevents starting the engine unless the lever is in the N (neutral) position. The transmission can be shifted from forward or reverse to neutral, but cannot be shifted from one direction of travel to another without coming to a complete stop THE ENGINE WILL NOT START IF THE SHIFT LEVER IS NOT IN NEUTRAL POSITION. (b) Parking Brake Inhibit Protection - Prevents the transmission clutches from engaging when the parking brake is applied. An audio warning indicates the condition. OPERATION Page 3

5 C. DASHBOARD PANEL REFER TO FIGURE 2. (1) Emergency Stop Push-button Switch Shuts down the vehicle when depressed. Ensure the emergency stop is in the out position before starting the vehicle, otherwise it will not start. (2) Engine Gauge Display (Optional) Refer to System Overview in Chapter 2, Section 2 for functions, navigation and additional information. (3) Hazard Lights Switch Two-position switch OFF / ON to turn ON both left and right, front and rear signal lights. (4) Instruments and Indicators Cluster Refer to Figure 3. (5) Hitch Work Light Switch (Optional) Three-position switch ON / OFF / ON to activate front and rear work lights. (6) Panel Illumination Dim Switch Dimmer switch to reduce brightness on the dashboard and instruments cluster. (7) Four-wheel Drive Switch Two-position switch OFF / Momentary ON to request engagement of four-wheel drive mode. The request can be only made when the vehicle is stationary. The temporary 4WD mode will automatically disengage when driving above 16 km/h (10 mph). When in the OFF position the vehicle will operate in two-wheel drive mode (rear wheels only). (8) Steer Mode Selector Switch (Optional) Refer to Figure 5. (9) Ignition Switch Three-position switch OFF / Ignition ON / STARTER. A key ignition switch is available as an option. (10) Auto Lube System Push-button Switch (Optional) Activates system to lubricate pivot points in steering axles. (11) Beacon Switch (Optional) Two-position switch OFF / ON to activate strobe or rotational beacon. Page 4 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

6 (12) Hourmeter Gauge Indicates the accumulated number of hours the engine has been running. Refer to Chapter 2, Section 3, Preventative Maintenance, for Maintenance Schedules. (13) Emergency Override Switch Two-position switch NORMAL / Momentary ON. Push and hold during emergency to override non-critical shutdowns, allowing limited functionality of the equipment. This switch allows the operator to move the machine to a safe location before calling maintenance personnel. Refer to Emergency Procedures in Chapter 1, Section Figure 2 DASHBOARD PANEL OPERATION Page 5

7 D. INSTRUMENTS AND INDICATORS CLUSTER STOP THE VEHICLE AND ENGINE IMMEDIATELY IF ANY OF THE RED INDICATORS REMAINS ON FOR MORE THAN 10 SECONDS. NOTIFY MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL. REFER TO FIGURE 3. (1) Left turn signal indicator (GREEN) (2) Control System Fault Indicator (RED) Indicator related to a system fault or warning not covered by any of the indicators (4) through (12). The indicator is typically associated with a control s system fault such as loss of communication with one of the controllers, or a switch or relay not working properly. (3) Not used (4) Check engine warning indicator (AMBER) (5) Engine fault indicator (RED) (6) Wait-to-start indicator (AMBER) (7) High beam indicator (BLUE) (8) Alternator not-charging indicator (RED) (9) Parking Brake Indicator (RED) Illuminates when applied. (10) Brake fault indicator (RED) (11) Hydraulic fault indicator (RED) (12) Transmission warning and fault indicator (AMBER) (13) Right turn signal indicator (GREEN) (14) Gear Position Indicators Indicator lights for R (Reverse), N (Neutral), F (Forward), 4 (4th gear), 3 (3rd gear), 2 (2nd gear), and 1 (1st gear). (15) Fuel Level Gauge Indicates the fuel level in the fuel tank with markers at 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, and full. The fuel level should be full at the beginning of each day. (16) Low Fuel Level Warning LED Indicator (RED) Illuminates when fuel level lowers at 1/8 of the tank capacity. (17) Set button to select parameters (LCD message display). (18) Mode button for accessing parameters (LCD message display). (19) LCD Message Display Information is displayed using Set and Mode buttons. It includes total and trip odometer, engine hourmeter, vehicle data and warning messages, and automatic and manual test menus. Page 6 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

8 (20) Speedometer Gauge Indicates vehicle speed. (21) Transmission High Temperature Warning LED Indicator (RED) Illuminates when reaching the temperature of 220 ºF (104 ºC). (22) Transmission Temperature Gauge Indicates operating temperature R N F km/h mph Mode Figure 3 INSTRUMENTS AND INDICATORS CLUSTER Set OPERATION Page 7

9 E. COLUMN GEAR SHIFT AND LIGHTS LEVER SWITCHES ROTATE - SHIFT GEARS The vehicle is equipped with a multi-function lever mounted to the steering column. (1) Gear Shift Lever (Left Side) Selects direction of travel forward or reverse, and shift gears. Rotate counterclockwise (CCW) to shift gear UP, and clockwise (CW) to shift gears DOWN. Shifting into fourth (4th) gear sets the vehicle in full automatic shifting. The transmission provides only three gears while driving in reverse. The transmission lever must be in neutral for the engine starter to engage. (2) Lights Lever Switch (Right Side) Selects turn signals left or right, actuates the horn, and controls parking and headlights. Rotate counterclockwise (CCW) to turn ON parking lights and headlights, and clockwise (CW) to turn lights OFF. LIFT - SELECT DIRECTION OF TRAVEL STAYS DOWN IN NEUTRAL PUSH - FORWARD DIRECTION F VIEW FROM LOWER SIDE R N PULL - FLASH HIGH BEAM LIGHTS PUSH - LEFT TURN PUSH IN - SOUND HORN PUSH DOWN - HIGH BEAM LIGHTS ROTATE - PARKING AND HEADLIGHTS PULL - DRIVE IN REVERSE VIEW FROM ABOVE PULL - RIGHT TURN Figure 4 COLUMN GEAR SHIFT AND LIGHTS LEVER SWITCHES Page 8 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

10 F. FOUR-WHEEL STEER CONTROL (OPTIONAL) REFER TO FIGURE 5, AND F. STEERING MODES (OPTIONAL) WITHIN 4. OPERATION PROCEDURES IN THIS SECTION. Steering Mode Selector Switch - The all-wheel steering system includes a three-position steering mode selector push-in switch, which is located on the dash panel. An audio warning alarm sounds to indicate the steering mode selector switch is in crab steer mode. Green indicator lights on the switch are associated with each steer mode. The corresponding indicator light illuminates steady for the active steering mode. When another steering mode is selected, the indicator light will flash signaling the new mode has been selected and will become steady once the new mode is engaged when the wheels return to straight. The previous steer mode indicator light will then be turned OFF. (1) Front Steer Mode (Standard) This selection locks the rear axle in the centered position and allows front axle steering in a conventional manner only. This mode is recommended for high speed and long distance driving. (2) Coordinated Steer Mode This steering mode is also referred to as Four-wheel Steer Mode. This steer mode will engage when all wheels are placed in a straight-ahead direction. This mode allows the operator to maneuver the vehicle in tightly-enclosed working situations. This mode should not be used for high speed driving. (3) Crab Steer Mode This steer mode is accompanied by an audible alarm warning the operator to be extra vigilant. The alarm is activated only by the switch position, but this steer mode will engage when all wheels are placed in a straight-ahead direction. This mode allows to make small accurate steer correction in tug position over short distances PUSH THE SWITCH AND ROTATE TO A NEW STEER MODE. Figure 5 STEER MODE SELECTOR SWITCH (OPTIONAL) OPERATION Page 9

11 G. CAB OVERHEAD PANEL (OPTIONAL WITH ENCLOSED CAB) REFER TO FIGURE 6. The operation of windshield wipers are controlled from the overhead panel, centrally located above the front windshield. Two and three-position switches operate wipers and washers (1) Windshield Wiper Three-position switch OFF / SLOW / FAST. (2) Windshield Washer Two-position switch OFF / Momentary ON. (3) Rear Window Wiper Three-position switch OFF / SLOW / FAST. (4) Rear Window Washer Two-position switch OFF / Momentary ON. (5) Rear Window Defroster (Optional with enclosed cab) Two-position switch OFF / ON to activate defroster grid. A timer in the circuit will automatically turn OFF the defroster after 10 minutes Figure 6 CAB OVERHEAD PANEL CONTROLS Page 10 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

12 H. DRIVER S CAB HEATER AND AIR CONTROL PANEL (OPTIONAL WITH ENCLOSED CAB) REFER TO FIGURE 7. (1) Ventilator Fan Switch Four-position rotary switch OFF / LOW / (MEDIUM) / HIGH. (2) Heater Switch Rotational switch to select air temperature from heater. (3) Air Conditioner Switch (Optional with enclosed cab) Two-position switch OFF / ON. OFF LO HI HEAT TEMP COOL Figure 7 DRIVER S CAB HEATER AND AIR CONTROLS A/C A/C ON ON OFF OFF OPERATION Page 11

13 4. OPERATION PROCEDURES DO NOT ATTEMPT TO OPERATE THE VEHICLE WITHOUT BEING PROPERLY TRAINED IN OPERATION AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS. DO NOT OPERATE EQUIPMENT WHILE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DRUGS, ALCOHOL OR MEDICATION THAT MAY PREVENT FULL ABILITY TO CONTROL THE VEHICLE. FOLLOW ALL APPLICABLE PROCEDURES AND REGULATIONS FOR OPERATING IN THE AIRPORT AND FOR HANDLING AIRCRAFT. BEFORE STARTING THE VEHICLE, ENSURE ALL PERSONS AND OBJECTS ARE CLEAR OF THE VEHICLE, AND ALL COMPARTMENT DOORS ARE CLOSED AND SECURED. TIRES AND WHEELS CAN MOVE WITHOUT AND CRUSH PERSONS. AT BEGINNING OF EACH SHIFT, ENSURE THAT ALL SCHEDULED SERVICES HAVE BEEN PERFORMED INCLUDING CHECK OF TIRE CONDITION, FUEL AND FLUID LEVELS, AND OVERALL CHECK FOR LOOSE OR MISSING HARDWARE AND GENERAL CONDITION OF THE VEHICLE. THE EQUIPMENT PRE-OPERATIONAL CHECKLIST SHOULD BE UTILIZED WHEN COMMISSIONING NEW EQUIPMENT, AND FOR RE-COMMISSIONING AFTER A MAJOR REPAIR, OVERHAUL, RECOMMENDED ANNUAL MAINTENANCE, OVER-THE- ROAD TRANSPORTATION, AND IF THE MACHINE HAS BEEN OUT OF SERVICE FOR MORE THAN SIX MONTHS. BEFORE STARTING THE UNIT, HAVE THE 8-HOUR (DAILY) CHECK PERFORMED BY THE OPERATOR. REFER TO PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE IN CHAPTER 2, SECTION 3. A. PRE-OPERATION CHECKS The following checks must be performed before operating the vehicle to ensure a reliable operation. (1) Follow your supervisor s instructions, as well as the specific airport instructions and regulations. (2) Walk around the vehicle and inspect for damage or missing equipment, and report damage and problems found to maintenance personnel to have them repaired or corrected. Page 12 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

14 (3) Look underneath the vehicle for leaks, drips, puddles of coolant, engine oil, etc. If leaks are found, maintenance personnel should be immediately notified. Corrective maintenance to eliminate problems must be performed before operating the vehicle. (4) Adjust the operator s seat for proper distance and comfort. (5) Adjust mirrors for clear view from the driver s seat. B. REFUELING Refueling the vehicle should be performed carefully and following safety rules. DANGER DIESEL FUELS, KEROSENE, HYDRAULIC OIL, LUBRICANTS AND GLYCOLS ARE FLAMMABLE. USE EXTREME CAUTION TO PREVENT SPILLS AND AVOID HEAT OR OPEN FLAMES. DO NOT OVERFILL THE FUEL TANK WHEN REFUELING. ALWAYS ALLOW ROOM FOR EXPANSION OF FUEL. USE ONLY THE RECOMMENDED FUEL. REFER TO CHAPTER 1, SECTION 4 FOR FUEL SPECIFICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. (1) Turn off ignition switch before refueling the vehicle. (2) Do not smoke while refueling. (3) Do not overfill with fuel or otherwise spill it. Allow room for fuel expansion inside the tank. (4) Avoid open flames. C. SEAT BELTS Seat belts are provided in the vehicle. Wear seat belt and ensure passengers are also restrained wearing seat belts before put the vehicle in motion. DO NOT OPERATE WITH PERSONS IN OR ON THE VEHICLE OTHER THAN SITTING IN DESIGNATED SEATS. SEAT BELTS MUST BE USED WHILE THE VEHICLE IS IN MOTION. D. STARTING AND WARM-UP CAUTION DO NOT OPERATE THE ENGINE WITH THE OIL LEVEL BELOW THE MIN MARK OR ABOVE THE MAX MARK ON THE DIPSTICK. CAUTION DO NOT DISCONNECT THE BATTERY OR TURN OFF OPTIONAL BATTERY DISCONNECT SWITCH WITH THE ENGINE RUNNING TO AVOID A VOLTAGE SURGE IN THE ALTERNATOR CHARGING SYSTEM. OPERATION Page 13

15 THE ENGINE STARTER WILL NOT ENGAGE AND THE ENGINE WILL NOT START IF THE SHIFT LEVER IS NOT IN NEUTRAL. THE ALTERNATOR LIGHT MAY ILLUMINATE DURING START-UP. THE INDICATOR LIGHT WILL TURN OFF ONCE THE ENGINE RPM HAS INCREASED ABOVE IDLE SPEED. (1) Disconnect the cable for the optional winterization system, if applicable. (2) Ensure that the parking brake is applied to prevent vehicle movement. Depress the parking brake foot pedal to apply it. (3) Ensure transmission shift lever is in N (neutral) position. (4) Turn the ignition switch clockwise from the OFF to the ON position to energize the electrical system. When the system is energized, the dash gauges and indicators will activate momentarily as a system check. WAIT FOR THE WAIT-TO-START (PRE-HEAT) INDICATOR LIGHT TO TURN OFF BEFORE TURNING THE IGNITION SWITCH FROM ON TO START. THE TIME FOR THE LIGHT TO TURN OFF MAY VARY DEPENDING ON AMBIENT START-UP TEMPERATURE. (5) Turn the ignition switch clockwise from the ON to the START position to energize the start motor circuit; release the switch to ON after the engine starts. If the engine fails to start after a few attempts, shutdown the unit and notify maintenance personnel. Refer to the engine operation manual in Manufacturers Appendices in Chapter 5. (6) After the engine starts, idle engine for a few minutes and verify that all systems are operational including lights, wipers, indicators, gauges, brakes, etc. DO NOT OPERATE THE VEHICLE IF ANY OF THE SYSTEMS IS NOT OPERATIONAL. NOTIFY MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL IMMEDIATELY. (7) With the parking brake applied and shift lever in neutral, accelerate and decelerate the engine to make sure the throttle works correctly. (8) For initial start-ups, run operate the engine for five to 10 minutes before driving. Allow all systems to reach normal operating temperatures. E. DRIVING VEHICLE Follow these procedures for maneuvering the vehicle: (1) Test foot brake pedal for travel and firmness. (2) Turn on lighting systems for operation (headlights, beacons, etc.). (3) Depress the service brake and hold firmly. (4) Turn the steering wheel slowly until the wheels are straight-ahead. (5) Select the desired steering mode on the selector switch, if applicable. Indicator light for the desired steer mode will be illuminating steady when engaged. If indicator is flashing, move steering wheel through the center position to engage. (6) Release the parking brake by pulling the handle to release. Page 14 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

16 THE AUDIBLE ALARM WILL SOUND IF THE TRANSMISSION SHIFTER IS PLACED INTO GEAR WHILE THE PARKING BRAKE IS APPLIED. (7) Select forward or reverse direction and gear with the transmission shift lever. (a) (b) Driving Forward - Lift the shift lever out of neutral into forward gear (F1 F4). Shifting into fourth (4th) gear (F4) sets the vehicle in full automatic shifting. Driving in Reverse - Lift the shift lever out of neutral into reverse gear (R1 R3). Indicators in the dashboard cluster show the gear and direction of travel selected. DIRECTION OF TRAVEL AND GEAR CAN BE SELECTED WITH THE TRANSMISSION SHIFTER AND THAT SELECTION WILL BE SHOWN BY INDICATORS IN THE DASHBOARD, BUT IT WILL NOT ENGAGE UNLESS SERVICE BRAKE IS DEPRESSED AND PARKING BRAKE IS RELEASED. USE THE PROPER GEAR AND SPEED ACCORDING TO THE LOAD OR AIRCRAFT BEING HANDLED WHEN TOWING OR PUSHING. (8) Before moving the vehicle, observe that the intended path of the vehicle is clear of people, obstacles, and any safety hazards. (9) Release the service brake pedal gently, then depress the accelerator pedal smoothly and slowly until desired speed is reached. CAUTION HARD ACCELERATION IN DIESEL POWERED UNITS WILL RESULT IN EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION. DO NOT ENGAGE PARKING BRAKE WHILE VEHICLE IS IN MOTION. THE VEHICLE MAY BE SLOWED DOWN USING THE PARKING BRAKE IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY STOP SITUATION. THE VEHICLE MUST COME TO A COMPLETE STOP BEFORE SHIFTING INTO REVERSE. THE DRIVE-IN-REVERSE ALARM WILL SOUND WHEN THE TRANSMISSION SHIFT LEVER IS PLACED INTO A REVERSE GEAR, THE VEHICLE IS MOVING BACKWARDS. F. STEERING MODES (OPTIONAL) VEHICLE MAY BE EQUIPPED WITH AN ELECTRONIC FOUR-WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM. CRAB STEER MODE SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERS THE HANDLING OF VEHICLE. DO NOT OPERATE VEHICLE IN CRAB STEER MODE WITHOUT PROPER TRAINING. (1) Steer Control Switch - A rotary switch is provided with the optional four-wheel steering system. This switch is located on the right side of the dashboard panel. Refer to Figure 2. OPERATION Page 15

17 WHEN RESTARTING THE VEHICLE AFTER A SHUT DOWN, THE STEER MODE WILL BE THE LAST ENGAGED MODE, EVEN IF A NEW MODE HAS BEEN SELECTED BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE. THE NEW SELECTED STEER MODE WILL BE ENGAGED ONCE THE FRONT WHEELS ARE STEERED THROUGH THE CENTER AXLE POSITION (STRAIGHT-AHEAD ALIGNMENT POSITION). (2) Electronic Steering Controller - This controller keeps the rear steering axle properly aligned with the front steering axle, depending on the mode selected. The system allows the operator to shift steering modes while driving ( shift on the fly ). The steering mode change will take effect when the front wheels are back through the center axle position. (3) Crab Steer Mode (Optional with four-wheel steer option) You can lose control in crab steer mode when parking, returning steering wheel to straight direction, making sharp turns, or steering incorrectly as vehicle moves diagonally. The vehicle will stay in first or second gear while in crab steer mode. DO NOT DRIVE THE VEHICLE ABOVE 8 KM/H (5 MPH) WHILE IN CRAB STEER MODE. HIGHER SPEEDS MAY CAUSE LOSS OF CONTROL. (4) Vehicle wheels must be straight-ahead before the steering system recognizes a newly selected steer mode (changing from the current steer mode to a different steer mode). FRONT WHEEL STEER MODE COORDINATED STEER MODE Figure 8 STEERING MODES CRAB STEER MODE Steering modes can be selected while the vehicle is moving, but in most cases the change in steer mode will not take effect until the front wheels are steered back through center axle position. TO SELECT CRAB STEER MODE THE VEHICLE MUST BE FULLY STOPPED. Page 16 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

18 TABLE 1 - STEER MODE CHANGES AND CONDITIONS Mode Change / Conditions Steer Mode Lights* 2WS to 4WS Coordinated 2WS Coord. Crab Speed below 10 km/h (6 mph), front axle centered [speed will be limited to third (3rd) gear] OFF ON --- If conditions not met Flashing OFF --- If speed above 11 km/h (7 mph) and rear axle centered, it reverts to 2WS mode (Auto-correct option ONLY) ON OFF --- Mode will return automatically to 4WS Coordinated when the speed drops below 10 km/h (6 mph) and the front axle is centered (Autocorrect option ONLY). OFF ON --- 4WS Coordinated to 2WS 2WS Coord. Steer slowly until front and rear wheels are straight ahead [no speed gear limitation in 2WS mode] ON OFF --- If conditions not met OFF Flashing --- 2WS to 4WS Crab 2WS Coord. Crab Speed at 0 km/h (0 mph), front axle centered [speed will be limited to second (2nd) gear, alarm will sound] OFF --- ON Failure or conditions not met Flashing --- OFF 4WS Crab to 2WS 2WS Coord. Crab Speed at 0 km/h (0 mph), rear axle centered (steer slowly until rear wheels are straight ahead) [no speed gear limitation in 2WS] ON --- OFF If conditions not met OFF --- Flashing 4WS Coordinated to 4WS Crab 2WS Coord. Crab Speed close to 0 km/h (0 mph), front and rear axle centered (steer slowly until rear wheels are straight ahead) [speed will be limited to second (2nd) gear, alarm will sound] --- OFF ON If conditions not met --- Flashing OFF If the tractor does not switch, the front and rear axles may not synchronized, and it may be necessary to switch into 2WS to lock the rear axle before selecting crab mode. 4WS Crab to 4WS Coordinated 2WS Coord. Crab Steer until rear wheels are straight ahead [speed will be limited to third (3rd) gear] --- ON OFF If conditions not met --- OFF Flashing *Indicator lights will flash only if conditions are not met. OPERATION Page 17

19 TO PROPER SHIFTING INTO CRAB STEER MODE, STEER THE WHEELS SLOWLY THROUGH CENTER, WHICH WILL HELP KEEP THE FRONT AND REAR AXLES SYNCHRONIZED. OTHERWISE, ERRATIC MOVEMENTS IN CRAB MODE MAY HAPPEN. Due to the axle steering geometry, the front and rear tires will not produce exact diagonal movement. Tires may end at a greater angle in one mode than another. When restarting the vehicle after a shut down, the steer mode will be the last engaged mode, even if a new mode has been selected before starting the engine. The new selected steer mode will be engaged once the front wheels are steered through the center axle position (straight-ahead alignment position). The active engaged steer mode indicator will illuminate steady, and the new selected steer mode indicator will illuminate intermittently. (5) Any detected failure of the steering system will result in illumination of a warning red light on the center console. If this happens, stop and shut down the vehicle and notify maintenance personnel immediately to correct the malfunction. (6) Four-wheel Steering Out of Sync In cases when the rear wheels do not align with the front wheels, a fault will be triggered. Fault 028 when in 2WS mode means the rear axle is not centered, sending a fault code to the instrument cluster warning to recalibrate the 4WS. Step 1. Slow down and select 4WS in coordinate mode. The 2WS indicator light will illuminate intermittently. Step 2. Step 3. F-028 Drive vehicle below 10 km/h (6 mph) and steer slowly, first to the right then to the left, until the 4WS indicator light is steady ON. Select 2WS and steer until 2WS light is steady ON. STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 < 10 km/h (< 6 mph) Figure 9 FAULT 028-4WS OUT OF SYNC CORRECTION (7) Auto-correction Feature (Optional with four-wheel steer option) This feature requires no operator interaction except for turning the steering wheel slowly while at a slow speed. Page 18 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

20 When the rear axle is not centered while in 2WS mode, the system will request 4WS coordinate mode and be enabled according to previous interlocks. When the rear axle is turned and centered, the vehicle is placed back into 2WS mode automatically. G. STOPPING THE VEHICLE (1) Decrease speed by removing your foot from the accelerator pedal. (2) Use moderate pressure on the brake pedal and gradually bring the vehicle to a complete stop. (3) With the tractor completely stopped, place transmission shift lever in N (neutral). (4) Depress the foot-pedal to apply the parking brake. (5) Release service brake. Allow the engine to idle. H. PUSHING AND TOWING OPERATIONS EACH AIRLINE HAS ESTABLISHED PROCEDURES FOR PUSHING AND TOWING AIRCRAFT. ALL OPERATORS SHOULD BE FAMILIAR WITH THOSE PROCEDURES BEFORE OPERATING THE VEHICLE AROUND ANY AIRCRAFT. (1) Ensure the load being pushed or towed does not exceed the operational capability of the vehicle. Tractive effort calculations may be needed according to the load to tow or push, and weather and surface conditions. Refer to operational charts and aircraft compatibility charts. (2) Follow the correct operational procedures as stated within this section. (3) Use wheel chocks as indicated by the local safety rules before connecting or disconnecting the load. (4) Use headset for communications as required. (5) Check the load before pushing or towing, and ensure the coupling device is properly attached and secured. Verify the coupler pins are properly engaged. When attaching or detaching the coupling device, always apply the vehicle s parking brake. Whenever the operator leaves the vehicle, the ignition switch should be in the OFF position. (6) Use extreme caution when maneuvering the vehicle loaded around congested areas where other equipment can cross over the same travel path or when passing through blind spots. The operator should be alert for other personnel and equipment. (7) Carefully observe for preventing protrusions such as aircraft wings from entering space that lacks the proper clearance. (8) Allow enough time and distance when braking a loaded vehicle; the additional weight will require a longer distance before coming to a complete stop. I. PARKING THE VEHICLE (1) Stop the vehicle at the designated place. (2) Set the transmission lever in neutral. OPERATION Page 19

21 (3) Apply the parking brake. (4) Turn off lights, beacons and work lights if applicable, and all accessories. (5) Proceed with shut down. J. SHUT DOWN VEHICLE (1) When shutting down the engine, always allow it to idle for at least two minutes to stabilize and cool the engine temperature. AFTER A FULL-LOAD OPERATION, ALLOW THE ENGINE TO IDLE FOR THREE TO FIVE MINUTES BEFORE TURNING IT OFF TO AVOID PREMATURE DAMAGE TO THE ENGINE. (2) Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position to shut off the vehicle and any other lights or accessories that are still operating. DO NOT USE EMERGENCY STOP (E-STOP) BUTTON TO SHUT DOWN THE VEHICLE. (3) Chock wheels if necessary. (4) Wait for two more minutes before disconnecting battery, or setting battery cut-off switch to OFF (if applicable). NEXT TIME THE ENGINE IS STARTED MIGHT GIVE AN ERROR IF NOT ENOUGH TIME IS ALLOWED AFTER TURNING IGNITION OFF. (5) Winterization (Optional) - Connect the winterization cable to the designated electrical power outlet, if applicable. Page 20 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

22 Section 3. Emergency Procedures 1. GENERAL ONLY APPLY E-STOP TO DISABLE THE VEHICLE IN CASE OF EMERGENCY. PRESSING THE EMERGENCY STOP PUSH-BUTTON WILL COMPLETELY SHUTDOWN THE VEHICLE. Emergency procedures in this section describe the necessary steps to follow, in case of mechanical breakdown or equipment malfunctions. An Emergency Override Switch allows the operator to override non-critical shutdowns, allowing the operator to move the machine to a safe location before calling maintenance personnel. Refer to Operation in Chapter 1, Section EMERGENCY PROCEDURES IT IS IMPORTANT TO COMPLETELY READ AND UNDERSTAND THIS EMERGENCY PROCEDURES SECTION BEFORE OPERATING THE VEHICLE. BEFORE TOWING, ATTACH TOW VEHICLE WITH TOW BAR OR CHOCK WHEELS BEFORE DISENGAGING PARK BRAKE. TOW VEHICLE MUST BE CAPABLE OF STOPPING BOTH VEHICLES. DISABLED VEHICLE WILL HAVE A LIMITED NUMBER OF BRAKE APPLICATIONS. A. TOWING VEHICLE WITH ENGINE OPERATIONAL (1) Attach towing bar between disabled tractor and towing vehicle. (2) Depress service brake and shift transmission lever to neutral. (3) Release parking brake. (4) Release service brake. (5) Tow the disabled vehicle slowly. Steering must be done on the disabled vehicle to follow the towing vehicle. TOWING SPEED MUST NOT EXCEED 5 KM/H (3 MPH) FOR A DISTANCE NO MORE THAN 30 M (100 FT.). EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 1-3 Page 1

23 (6) Once tow destination is reached, engage parking brake or chock wheels, and shutdown the vehicle. B. TOWING VEHICLE WITH ENGINE INOPERATIVE (1) Towing Option - Lifting Rear of Vehicle (a) CAUTION Use towing vehicle capable of lifting the rear axle off the ground from either the tires or the lifting lugs. DO NOT LIFT THE VEHICLE FROM HITCH COUPLERS. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Shift transmission lever to neutral. Release parking brake. Release service brake. Tow the disabled vehicle slowly. Steering must be done to follow the towing vehicle. Once tow destination is reached, engage parking brake or chock wheels to secure the vehicle. (2) Towing Option - Disconnect Rear Drive Shaft (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) Chock wheels. Release parking brake. Disconnect rear drive shaft. Attach towing bar between disabled tractor and towing vehicle. Remove wheel chocks. Release service brake. Tow the disabled vehicle slowly. Steering must be done to follow the towing vehicle. Once tow destination is reached, engage parking brake or chock wheels to immobilize the vehicle. 1-3 Page 2 GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

24 3. VEHICLE JACKING REQUIREMENTS A. JACK CAPACITY Minimum working capacity (each axle) kg ( lb. [12 ton]) B. MAINTENANCE STANDS CAPACITY Minimum number of stands Four (2 front, 2 rear) Minimum working capacity (each) kg ( lb. [12 ton]) C. JACK AND MAINTENANCE STANDS SUPPORT SURFACE Reinforced concrete surface (required) MPa (3500 psi) minimum SOME CONCRETE AND MOST ASPHALT SURFACES MAY NOT COMPLY WITH THE MINIMUM RESISTANCE REQUIRED. INCREASING SUPPORT PAD AREA OF JACKS AND MAINTENANCE STANDS CAN REDUCE THE STRESS ON THE GROUND SUPPORT SURFACE. ENSURE THE SUPPORT SURFACE IS STRONG ENOUGH TO WITHSTAND THE STRESS EXERTED BY THE VEHICLE WEIGHT, TRANSFERED THROUGH THE JACKS AND MAINTENANCE STANDS. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 1-3 Page 3

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