Automobile Security Using Key Fob Gesture and Multi-Supported Apps

Transcription

1 Automobile Security Using Key Fob Gesture and Multi-Supported Apps Md. Shakil Md. Rashid 1, A. B. Patil 2 shakilrm11@gmail.com 1, abpatil1212@yahoo.co.in 2 Deapartment of Electronic & Telecommunication 1, 2 Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering, Pune, India 1, 2 Abstract A modern vehicles have been using a key fob from last decade to arm and disarm the vehicles. Once the door of vehicle is close then vehicle is armed and to disarm unlock button of key fob is used. But this system is not more secure. If key fob is stolen then anyone can unlock the vehicle. Hence for preventing a vehicle from theft a 3D gesture key fob will be used.. In 3D gesture key fob one gesture will be made in air to unlock the vehicle. It will contain two different 3D gestures, one is REGULAR gesture for owner of vehicle and another is GUEST gesture for the guest i.e. for other users. In addition for high security data transmission cryptography algorithm will be used. This system will also contain features like keypad entry for activate the fuel lines, adjustable motion alarm sensitivity, Fuel cut-off and GPS fencing. unit and Fig 1.b shows the vehicle unit. In key fob unit AVR ATMEGA16 and in vehicle unit LPC2138 ARM-7 can be used. Keywords AES, GPS, GSM, 3D. I. INTRODUCTION The automobile can be stolen for different reasons viz. for resale the vehicle, for commission of crimes or for other reasons. Hence for more security for vehicles a 3D gesture key fob is made. 3D gesture key fob will disarm or unlock the vehicle by giving secrete 3D gesture in air. In addition if owner of vehicle is agree to give key fob to other then for other user a GUEST gesture will be used i.e. another gesture for other users. GUEST gesture will be activated through SMS by owner of vehicle. Once the gesture is recognized the cryptography (AES) algorithm will be used for secure transmission of data. After the 3D gesture recognisation and cryptography algorithm the vehicle will be unlocked. Once the door of vehicle will open then a password will be sent to owner of vehicle on his/her cell phone for keypad entry. Password will be activated for specific time, within the valid time password should be entered in keypad. If password will match then only vehicle will be ready to use i.e. fuel lines of vehicle will be on otherwise it will be off. In addition this system also has features like adjustable motion alarm sensitivity, remote fuel cut-off and GPS fencing. II. Block Diagram Block diagram of the system is as shown in Fig 1. It contains the vehicle unit and key fob unit. Fig 1.a shows the key fob A: Key Fob Unit B: Vehicle Unit Fig. 1 A. Key Fob Unit & B. Vehicle Unit IJETT ISSN: April 2015 Volume 2 Issue 1 226

2 III. FLOW CHART OF SYSTEM The Flow chart of system is as shown in Fig 2.It shows the complete flow of system i.e. how the system will work. The flow chart contains the following steps: Provide gesture using Accelerometer Cryptography Algorithm for data transmission Keypad entry If all above steps are done then vehicle will be ready to use. Then according to the requirement other additional application can be used. Start Make Gesture Using 3D Gesture Key Fob Gesture will be processed Is Gesture Recognized..? N Fig. 3 Accelerometer on Key Fob Circuit B. CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEYLESS ENTRY If the gesture is valid the key fob transmits a unique encrypted code that changes every time when this gesture is made. AES Cryptographic algorithm ensures the safety of the data transmitted. The key fob communicates with vehicle unit using CC2500 transceiver. This prevents thieves from detecting the static codes which were used in older keyless entry systems. Fig 4 shows the general process of cryptography. Y Using Cryptography Algorithm Encrypted Code Will be Generated and Transmitted G Is Gesture REGULAR or GUEST??? R Unique Code Keypad Entry Is Enter Code Correct..??? Y Vehicle is Ready To Use N Fig. 4 General Process of Cryptography C. REMOTE FUEL CUT-OFF Even after a high security if a vehicle is stolen then this feature is useful. If the vehicle is somehow hacked into and taken, then by sending a message to vehicle unit the fuel supply can be slowly cut-off, thereby disabling the vehicle. To cut the fuel supply a servo Motor controlled valve is used. Fig 5 shows the DC Servomotor [4]. Fig. 2 Flow Chart of System IV. FEATURES OF THE SYSTEM A. SMART GRAVITATIONAL LOCK The system can be unlock automatically just by pressing lock button from key fob. But to unlock the system a specific gesture is made in hand held wireless key fob i.e. 3D gesture is made in air. The air gesture is recognized using a 3-axis MEMS Accelerometer that senses the gravitational force exerted upon it. Without performing the secret gesture stolen key fob cannot be used to enter into the vehicle. The password can be stored in an external non-volatile memory [2]. The fig 3 shows the accelerometer on key fob circuit. IJETT ISSN: April 2015 Volume 2 Issue Fig. 5 Servomotor D. ADJUSTABLE MOTION ALARM SENSITIVITY The vehicle unit constantly monitors the vehicle motion after being armed (locked). The integrated motion sensing subsystem continuously measures the vehicles three dimensional position and detects any unauthorized motion if the vehicles is moved or tilted that exceeds a threshold level. When someone tries to break into the vehicle forcibly, then it

3 will inform to owner of vehicle using alarm or by sending SMS [4]. step is called the state. The final round is slightly different E. GPS FENCING This feature provides the facility to give particular limit for vehicle movement within a particular area. If the owner wants the car to move only within a particular area, once it moves out of area the owner would immediately receive an SMS alert as to the current location of the vehicle [4]. V. GESTURE RECOGNITION SYSTEM For gesture recognition process MEMS Accelerometer ADXL335 can be used. The MEMS Accelerometer gives the three dimensions (x, y, and z) readings of a particular object. The output signals are analog voltages that are proportional to acceleration. The acceleration can measure static and dynamic acceleration. Static acceleration resulting due to tilt and dynamic acceleration are from motion, vibration or shock. and the output after 10 rounds is the block of encrypted data. Fig. 7 Flowchart of Encryption Process Fig. 6 Axis of Acceleration Sensitivity According to the application the bandwidth can be selected. For X and Y axis the bandwidth range will be 0.5 Hz-1600 Hz, and for Z axis bandwidth range will be 0.5Hz-550Hz [6]. A. ENCRYPTION PROCESS The encryption process of AES algorithm consist the following steps: 1. Substitute bytes 2. Shift rows 3. Mix Columns 4. Add Round Key VI. CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENTRY In this system Advance Encryption Standard (AES) can be used for secure data transmission. AES, algorithm is a symmetric key cryptography. The AES standard comprises three block ciphers, i.e. AES-128, AES -192 and AES-256. The encryption of AES is carried out in blocks with a fixed block size of 128 bits each. The AES cipher speed can be determined from the number of repetitions rounds in steps which convert the input plain text into the final cipher text. Each round consists of different processing steps, including one that depends on the encryption key. In decryption process a set of reverse rounds are applies to convert the cipher text into the original plain text using same encryption key. The AES-128 algorithm is iterative and consists of 10 rounds. The input is a block of data and the initial key. Each round operates on the intermediate result of the previous round and is a sequence of the four transformations, namely Sub Bytes, Shift Rows, Mix Columns and Add Round-Key. The intermediate result of any The flow chart of encryption process is as shown in fig 4 [5]. TABLE 1 Comparison of AES Block Cipher Algorithm Time Taken MB/Sec Rijndael ( Rijndael ( Rijndael ( IJETT ISSN: April 2015 Volume 2 Issue 1 228

4 B. DECRYPTION PROCESS For decryption process following steps is used: 1. Inverse Shift rows 2. Inverse Substitute bytes 3. Inverse Add Round Key 4. Inverse Mix Columns gives security. Secure data can be transferred using cryptography algorithm. C. COMPARISON OF AES BLOCK CIPHER Here the comparison of 128 bit key, 192 bit key and 256 bit key is shown in table 1. The time taken to 128 bit key is less as compare to other hence in AES 128 bit key block cipher is used. Also 128 bit block cipher key speed is high as compare to other. VII. HARWARE AND SOFTWARE A. HARDWARE ARM-7 (lpc2138) Development Board AVR Atmega16 Development Board 16*2 Alphanumeric LCD LM1117 CC2500 Trans receiver Servo Motor GSM Modem SIM900 GPS GR 301/SR87/GR/87 Keypad ADXL 335Accelerometer Fig. 8 Simulation of Key Fob Unit B. SOFTWARE TOOL Proteus 8 Altium Designer Express PCB Keil uvision4 AVR Studio Flash Magic VIII. SIMULATION RESULTS A. SIMULATION OF KEY FOB UNIT Fig. 8 shows the simulation of key fob unit. In proteus the simulation of accelerometer is not possible hence the instead of accelerometer three potentiometer has been taken which act as three axis (x-axis, y-axis and z-axis) and UART for transmitting the data to vehicle unit. If three potentiometers satisfy the condition then the green LED glows and code is sent to vehicle unit. B. SIMULATION OF VEHICLE UNIT Fig. 9 shows the simulation of vehicle unit. First the system continuously checks the code i.e. code is received or not. If code is received from key fob unit then it checks the code is regular or guest. If the code is regular then the door of vehicle can be opened and the unique password can be entered in keypad. If the password is valid then only the motor will start. If code is guest then there is no keypad entry. Directly motor will start and vehicle is ready to use. XI. ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM Even if the key fob is stolen then this system IJETT ISSN: April 2015 Volume 2 Issue Fig. 9 Simulation of Vehicle Unit Using feature like remote fuel cut-off the vehicle can be controlled through SMS. After disarm the vehicle the motion of the vehicle can be determined using feature motion alarm sensitivity. Using GPS fencing the vehicle owner can decide the area in which vehicle should be driven.

5 X. CONCLUSION This project describes an air gesture recognition system by using MEMS accelerometer. The innovative vehicle key is designed in which gesture key from key fob is compared with the stored key to secure opening of the vehicle door. This provides more protection to the vehicle even when the key fob is stolen. Again for the guest a new guest gesture will be given so that the main gesture will be safe. Also by adding many features like Cryptographic key less entry, key pad entry, adjustable motion alarm sensitivity, Remote fuel cut-off, GPS fencing etc the system becomes more secure. [14] Ruize Xu, Shengli Zhou, and Wen J. Li, Fellow, IEEE, MEMS Accelerometer Based Nonspecific-User Hand Gesture Recognition, IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2012, pp [15] S. Zhou, Q. Shan, F. Fei, W.J. Li, C.P. Kwong, and C.K. Wu et al., Gesture Recognition for Interactive Controllers using MEMS Motion Sensors, in proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems, Jan. 2009, pp [16] T. Schlomer, B. Poppinga, N. Henze, and S.Boll, Gesture Recognition with a Wii Controller, in proc. 2nd Int Conf. Tangible and Embedded Interaction (TEI 08), Bonn, Germany, 2008, pp XI. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT As part of enhancement this system can be implemented not only in cars but also in other vehicles as well as in various other sectors like banking where more security is required. This system may be implemented even in financial, military also or in many others. REFERENCES [1] Nurul Hutha and Arun Kumar, Vehicle Monitoring and Theft Prevention System Using ARM Cortex, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR) Volume 2, Issue 4, April [2] Sucitha.S, Punithavathy Mohan, Vallikannu.A.L, Advanced Security Control for Auto Theft Prevention System, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 3 Issue 3, March [3] Mini Malhotra, Aman Singh, Study of Various Cryptographic Algorithms", International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJSER), Volume 1 Issue 3, November [4] Prudhvi.B.R and Yuvapreethi Ganesh, "Gravity Lock: Next Generation Auto Theft Prevention System", International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ICAEE'2013) March 17-18, 2013 Dubai. [5] Analog Devices, ADXL335,, Low Power, 3-Axis ±3 g Accelerometer datasheet. [6] RuizeXu, Shengli Zhou, and Wen J.L.MEMS Accelerometer Based Nonspecific-User Hand Gesture Recognition ieee sensors journal, vol. 12, no. 5, may [7] Mohammed Abuzalata,MuntaserMomani, Sayel Fayyad and Suleiman Abu- EinDepartments of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering,Faculty of Engineering, Al-Balqa Applied University, Technology, Amman, Jordan A Practical Design of Anti-Theft Car Protection System Based on Microcontroller 2012 Science Publications. [8] T. Schlomer, B. Poppinga, N. Henze, and S. Boll, Gesture recognition with a Wii controller, in Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Tangible and EmbeddedInteraction (TEI 08), Bonn, Germany, 2008, pp [9] A. H. F. Lam, W. J. Li, Y. Liu, and N. Xi, MIDS: Micro input devices system using MEMS sensors, presented at the IEEE/RSJ Int. Conf. Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), Oct [10] Jacques Georgy, Member, IEEE, Aboelmagd Noureldin, Senior Member, IEEE, and Chris Goodall, Vehicle Navigator using a Mixture Particle Filter for Inertial Sensors/Odometer/Map Data/GPS Integration, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 58, No. 2, May 2012, pp [11] Kichun Jo, Student Member, IEEE, Keounyup Chu, Student Member, IEEE, and Myoungho Sunwoo, Member, IEEE, Interacting Multiple Model Filter-Based Sensor Fusion of GPS With In-Vehicle Sensors for Real-Time Vehicle Positioning, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 13, No. 1, March 2012, pp [12] M.S. Grewal, L.R.Weill, and A.P. Andrews, Global Positioning Systems, Inertial Navigation, and Integration, 2nd ed., New Jersey: Wiley-Interscience, [13] R. Toledo-Moreo and M.A. Zamora-Izquierdo, IMMbased Lane-Change Prediction in Highways with Low- Cost GPS/INS, IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., Vol. 10, No.1, pp , Mar IJETT ISSN: April 2015 Volume 2 Issue 1 230