Unit 9. (Filled In) Draw schematic circuit diagrams for resistors in series and in parallel

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1 Name: Date: Period: Unit 9 Series & Parallel Circuits (Filled In) Essential Questions: Does adding resistors to a circuit always reduce current? Does adding more light bulbs to a circuit always make them less bright? Objectives Draw schematic circuit diagrams for resistors in series and in parallel Discuss how the total current is different for the same resistors in series vs. in parallel Calculate the total resistance for resistors in series vs. in parallel l Slide 2 1

2 Vocabulary Series Circuit circuit where the current follows one path without branching Parallel Circuit circuit where the current from the battery branches one or more times. Slide 3 1 light bulb Voltage drop across light bulb = -9V Current leaving the battery = 0.9 Draw schematic below. Include voltmeter and ammeter. Slide 4 2

3 2 light bulbs in series (current doesn t branch) Voltage drop across light bulb = -4.5V Current leaving the battery = 0.45 (decreases) Draw schematic below. Include voltmeter and ammeter. Slide 5 Opening a switch in a series circuit stops current from flowing completely Draw schematic below. Include voltmeter and ammeter. Slide 6 3

4 2 light bulbs in parallel (current branches) 1 light bulb is disconnected Current leaving the battery is 0.9 Draw schematic below. Include voltmeter and ammeter. Slide 7 2 light bulbs in parallel (current branches) Voltage drop across each light bulb = -9V Current leaving the battery increases to 1.80 Draw schematic below. Include voltmeter and ammeter. Slide 8 4

5 Practice 1 Voltage across two resistors in parallel is the same. One end of each resistor is at 16V, and the other end is at 0V. Voltage = 10 V R = 2 I =? Use V = IR, Ohm s Law V RI 10 2 I I 5 Slide 9 Does current always increase when you add resistors to the circuit? More resistors in series reduces the current leaving the battery (total current) Less current More resistors in parallel increases the current leaving the btt battery More current Slide 10 5

6 Calculating total resistance of series and parallel circuit Series Resistors: R Total = R 1 + R 2 R 1 R 2 Parallel Resistors: R R R Total 1 2 R R 2 R 1 Slide 11 Practice: Calculate total resistance of series and parallel circuit Series Resistors: R Total = R 1 + R Calculate total resistance: Parallel Resistors: R R R Total Calculate total resistance: 10 Slide 12 6

7 Electric Power P = IV Power = Current x Voltage More power comes from more current for the same voltage To increase current in a circuit, reduce resistance! (from V = IR) Slide 13 Practice 2 P = IV More power comes from more current for the same voltage V = 12 V I = Use P = IV P IV (0.6 )(12 V ) P 7.2W Slide 14 7

8 Practice 3 Slide 15 Practice 3 nswers (a) and (b) Voltage across resistor = 12 V V RI R = 10 I =? I Use V = IR, Ohm s Law I Slide 16 8

9 Practice 3 nswers (c) R Total current = 1.5 How much current goes through 10 Resistor? 1.2, found in (b) Thus, the rest of the 1.5 must be going through the light bulb = = 0.3 Voltage across light bulb = 12 V I = 0.3 R =? Use V = IR, Ohm s Law V RI R R 40 Slide 17 Practice 3 nswers (d) R Light bulb and resistor in series looks like this: In series, the total resistance of the circuit increases. Thus, the total current leaving the battery decreases. Slide 18 9

10 Practice 4 Slide 19 Practice 4 - nswers S2 F1 W X Y Z F1 S1 Slide 20 10

11 Practice 5 Slide 21 Switch connected to X makes this circuit Two 5 resistors in series Practice 5 nswer (a) a) I =? V=20V R = = 10 V RI 20 10I I 2 Slide 22 11

12 Switch connected to X makes this circuit b) I = 2 V=20V Practice 5 nswer (b) P IV (2 )(20 V ) 40W Two 5 resistors in series Slide 23 Practice 5 nswer (c) Switch connected to Y and passes the current through U 12 and 5 resistors in series c) Placing the fuse at T will protect the circuit regardless of which point the switch connects to. If the fuse is at U, the fuse will only protect the circuit when switch is connected to Y. Slide 24 12

13 Practice 5 nswer (d) Switch connected to W 3 and 3 resistors in series c) The most warmth is generated by the largest current (P = IV). The smallest total resistance is when the switch is connected to W. Smallest resistance generates the largest current. Slide 25 Practice 6 V = 12 V I = 5 Use P = IV P IV (5 )(12 V ) P 60W In series, resistors add like this R Total = R 1 + R 2 Removing one resistors reduces the total resistance and increases current V = 120 V I = 1.5 Use P = IV P IV (1.5 )(120 V ) P 180W Slide 26 13

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